The nurse is preparing to change the soiled linen of a patient's unoccupied bed. Which precaution minimizes the risk of transmitting microorganisms?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hand hygiene and clean gloves (A) are the most effective initial precautions to prevent microorganism transmission. Placing fresh linen (B) is logistical, pillowcases (C) are optional, and rolling dirty sides in (D) is secondary to gloves.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Grief is the emotional response to any form of loss, encompassing feelings like sadness or anger. Bereavement refers to the state of loss (e.g., after a death), mourning is the outward expression or process of grieving, and actual loss is the tangible event itself. Grief is the most direct and broad response precipitated by loss.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Palliative sedation intentionally reduces awareness to alleviate intractable distress (e.g., pain or dyspnea) when other treatments fail. While it manages symptoms and comforts, its primary aim is consciousness reduction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Thinking and reasoning (clinical judgment, critical thinking, and problem-solving) are essential because they underpin all other nursing actions, ensuring effective and safe care delivery across all roles.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The case method model involves one nurse caring for one patient during a single shift, as described in this ICU scenario with a single patient in critical condition.