ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to admit a child with possible hydronephrosis. What labs should the nurse expect to draw on this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer B: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels are essential labs to draw for a child with possible hydronephrosis. Elevated levels indicate impaired kidney function. This helps in diagnosing and monitoring the condition. Platelet count (A) is not typically related to hydronephrosis. PTT (C) assesses blood clotting function, not kidney function. Blood culture (D) is used to identify bacterial infections, not specific to hydronephrosis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is instructing a parent of a newborn on the foods that are to be started based on age. The nurse instructs the parent that the first food given to a newborn is rice cereal. What statement by the parent suggests appropriate understanding of the next food that can be introduced?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fruits should be given next. This is because after introducing rice cereal, the next recommended food for infants is usually fruits. Fruits are easily digestible and provide essential nutrients. Chicken and eggs are common allergenic foods and are usually introduced later. Whole milk is not recommended until after the first year of life due to its high protein and mineral content, which can strain the infant's kidneys. Thus, choosing fruits as the next food to introduce shows an appropriate understanding of the recommended feeding progression for infants.
Question 3 of 5
In caring for a 4-year-old child with a diagnosis of suspected child abuse, which is the best nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide the child with play situations that allow for disclosure. This intervention is crucial as it provides a safe and non-threatening environment for the child to express their feelings and disclose any abuse they may have experienced. By engaging the child in play situations, the child may feel more comfortable opening up about the abuse. A: Avoid touching the child - This is incorrect as it does not address the child's emotional needs or provide an opportunity for the child to communicate about the abuse. C: Discourage the child from remembering the incident - This is incorrect as it can hinder the child's healing process and prevent them from receiving appropriate support and intervention. D: Deny the suspected perpetrator visiting rights to the child - While this may be necessary for the child's safety, it does not directly address the child's emotional needs or provide a supportive environment for disclosure.
Question 4 of 5
The infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) has a need for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Increased calories Rationale: 1. Infants with CHF have increased metabolic demands due to their heart working harder. 2. Increased caloric intake helps meet the energy needs for the heart and body. 3. Adequate calories promote growth and development in infants with CHF. Summary of other choices: A. Decreased fat: Fat provides essential fatty acids and energy, important for growth and development. Decreasing fat may lead to inadequate energy intake. B. Increased fluids: While fluid restriction may be necessary in some cases of CHF, it is not a primary need. Fluid management is crucial but not the main focus in this scenario. C. Decreased protein: Protein is essential for growth, repair, and immune function. Decreasing protein may lead to muscle wasting and compromised immune function.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that a child is increasingly apprehensive and has tachycardia after heart surgery. The chest tube drainage is now $8 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{hr}$. Which of the following should be the nurse’s initial intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial intervention is to notify the practitioner of the child's increased apprehension, tachycardia, and increased chest tube drainage. This is important because these signs could indicate a potential complication post-heart surgery that requires immediate medical attention. Applying warming blankets (choice A) may not address the underlying issue, giving additional pain medication (choice C) without practitioner approval could mask symptoms, and encouraging coughing and deep breathing (choice D) may not be appropriate in this situation. It is crucial to involve the practitioner promptly for further evaluation and management.