ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient for bladder training. What is the primary focus of bladder training for patients with impaired urinary elimination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bladder training for impaired urinary elimination (e.g., incontinence) focuses on strengthening pelvic floor muscles (C) via exercises (e.g., Kegels) and scheduled voiding to improve control. Fluid balance (A) is secondary, catheterization (B) is invasive, and urodynamic testing (D) is diagnostic, making C the primary focus.
Question 2 of 5
Given the following conditions: Capsular hydrostatic pressure = 15 mm Hg, Glomerular plasma osmotic pressure = 25 mm Hg, Glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 75 mm Hg, What is the NET FILTRATION RATE?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Net filtration pressure (NFP) = Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (75 mm Hg) - (Capsular hydrostatic pressure (15 mm Hg) + Glomerular osmotic pressure (25 mm Hg)) = 75 - (15 + 25) = 35 mm Hg (A). This drives filtration; 85 (B), 65 (C), and 115 (D) miscalculate, making A correct.
Question 3 of 5
In the female urinary system, the urethral orifice is situated posterior to the vaginal orifice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In females, the urethral orifice is anterior to the vaginal orifice (B), not posterior, due to anatomical positioning (urethra above vagina). True (A) reverses this, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
The micturition center is located in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The micturition center in the pons (A) coordinates the reflex via parasympathetic signals, not medulla (B), cerebellum (C), or basal ganglia (D), making A the control site.
Question 5 of 5
To prevent the recurrence of renal calculi, the nurse teaches the patient to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High fluid intake (2000-3000 mL/day, D) dilutes urine, preventing stone formation. Straining urine (A) monitors, not prevents, calcium restriction (B) is selective, and coffee (C) may increase risk, making D the best prevention.