The nurse is precepting a student nurse and explains that perioperative nursing care occurs

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Perioperative nursing care encompasses the full surgical experience before, during, and after surgery ensuring comprehensive patient support across all phases. Preadmission testing, part of the preoperative phase, involves assessments like lab reviews but doesn't cover the entire perioperative scope. Care during the surgical procedure, or intraoperative phase, focuses on the operation itself, while the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) represents the postoperative phase, aiding recovery. Each of these is a segment of perioperative care, but only 'before, during, and after surgery' captures the complete definition. This holistic approach reduces risks like infection or complications by integrating preparation, intervention, and recovery. The nurse's explanation to the student highlights this broad responsibility, emphasizing continuity from preoperative education to postoperative monitoring, aligning with standards to optimize patient outcomes and safety throughout the surgical journey.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Notifying the operating suite of a latex allergy is most important, as latex is pervasive in surgical settings (gloves, tubes), and exposure risks anaphylaxis, requiring immediate room preparation with latex-free supplies. This preempts delays or emergencies, prioritizing safety. Documenting a bath, obtaining vital signs, or giving antibiotics are routine but secondary latex reaction prevention is urgent due to its acute, life-threatening potential. The nurse's action ensures a safe environment, aligning with allergy management protocols to protect the patient throughout surgery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A coronary artery bypass graft, a major procedure, requires intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring immediately post-op due to prolonged anesthesia and risks like arrhythmias or bleeding. ICU provides advanced oversight (e.g., cardiac monitoring) beyond a medical-surgical unit's capacity. Ambulatory settings suit minor surgeries, not this complexity. The nurse's expectation ensures critical care, aligning with standards for high-risk postoperative recovery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms that cannot utilize oxygen for growth and find it toxic, thriving instead in oxygen-free environments. 'Obligate anaerobes,' is correct because these organisms, like Clostridium botulinum, lack the enzymes (e.g., catalase) to neutralize oxygen's reactive byproducts, making oxygen lethal to them. 'Obligate aerobes,' require oxygen for survival, the opposite of the question's description. 'Aerotolerant anaerobes,' can tolerate oxygen but don't use it, differing from being harmed by it. 'Facultative aerobes,' can switch between oxygen and anaerobic metabolism, adapting to its presence. The defining trait here is oxygen's toxicity, not mere avoidance, aligning with obligate anaerobes' biological characteristics, as seen in microbiology studies of anaerobic bacteria, making B the precise answer over the others.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Flash memory is a type of non-volatile storage that retains data without power, commonly used in USB drives and SSDs. 'Secondary storage,' is correct because it serves as an external, long-term storage medium, distinct from a computer's primary memory (RAM), per computer architecture definitions (e.g., Tanenbaum's Structured Computer Organization). 'Input unit,' like keyboards, facilitates data entry, not storage. 'Output unit,' like monitors, displays data, not stores it. 'Internal storage,' typically refers to RAM or cache, which are volatile and primary, unlike flash's non-volatile nature. Flash memory's role in portable, persistent storage—supplementing rather than replacing internal memory—makes D the accurate classification, aligning with its widespread use in modern computing.