The nurse is planning postoperative care for an infant after a cleft-lip repair. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this infant?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Supine or side-lying positioning. This positioning helps prevent trauma to the surgical site, promotes comfort, and facilitates optimal healing. Prone positioning (A) may increase the risk of pressure on the surgical area. Suctioning with a Yankauer device (B) is not indicated unless necessary for airway clearance. Avoiding soft elbow restraints (D) is not directly related to cleft-lip repair care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of monitoring the child's weight and height to ensure they reach normal levels, which is crucial for their overall health and growth. This information helps the parents understand the expected timeline for improvement. A: Ice cream may contain gluten unless specified gluten-free, so it is not a safe dessert option for a child with celiac disease. C: Processed foods often contain hidden sources of gluten, so it is essential for parents to carefully read labels and choose certified gluten-free options. D: While insurance coverage for celiac diets varies, it is not the most critical aspect to emphasize when educating parents of a newly diagnosed child.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Proper dental care for children involves both parents and children. In this scenario, the father acknowledges his role in helping the child develop good oral hygiene habits. Step 2: The father's statement shows understanding that children at this age may not be able to brush their teeth effectively on their own, hence the need for parental assistance. Step 3: By stating that he will encourage his son to brush his teeth after thorough cleaning, the father is promoting proper dental care habits in the child. Step 4: This approach instills the importance of oral hygiene in the child from an early age, setting a foundation for lifelong dental health. Summary: A: Incorrect. Baby teeth are essential for proper speech development, nutrition, and guiding permanent teeth. C: Incorrect. Permanent teeth typically begin to come in around 6 years of age, not 4 to 5. D: Incorrect. Fluoride supplements are important for dental health and should be continued as recommended by the dentist.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevent dehydration. Dehydration can exacerbate hypoxia and increase the risk of cerebrovascular accidents in children with cardiac defects. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. Dehydration leads to decreased blood volume and thickening of blood, which can impair oxygen delivery to the brain. 2. Maintaining adequate hydration helps in optimizing blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, reducing the risk of strokes. 3. Minimizing seizures (choice A) is important, but not directly related to decreasing the risk of strokes. 4. Promoting cardiac output (choice C) is crucial for overall perfusion but does not specifically target the risk of strokes. 5. Reducing energy expenditure (choice D) may be important for conserving energy, but it does not directly address the risk of strokes associated with dehydration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because counseling parents of high-risk children about the importance of prophylactic antibiotics before dental procedures is the primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis. This is crucial as dental procedures can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, leading to endocarditis in susceptible individuals. Choice B is incorrect because preventing dental procedures altogether is not necessary, rather ensuring prophylactic antibiotics are administered before procedures is key. Choice C, encouraging restricted mobility, is not a recommended intervention for preventing endocarditis. Choice D focuses on observing for complications rather than preventing the condition in the first place, making it an incorrect choice.