ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is performing nasotracheal suctioning of a client. The nurse interprets that the client is adequately tolerating the procedure if which observation is made?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During nasotracheal suctioning, coughing (C) indicates adequate tolerance, as it's a natural reflex to clear airways without distress. Cyanosis (A) signals hypoxia, a complication. Bloody secretions (B) suggest trauma, not tolerance. A heart rate drop from 78 to 54 (D) may indicate vagal stimulation, a potential adverse effect. C is correct. Rationale: Coughing reflects an intact airway defense mechanism, showing the client can respond without decompensation, per respiratory nursing protocols. Other signs like cyanosis or bradycardia warrant stopping the procedure to reassess, as they indicate oxygenation or cardiac compromise, making C the safest indicator of tolerance.
Question 2 of 5
A client had a craniotomy for excision of a brain tumor. After surgery, the nurse monitors the client for increased intracranial pressure. Which clinical finding supports an increase in intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lowered consciousness (D) supports increased ICP post-craniotomy, reflecting brain compression. Weak pulse (A) or narrow pulse pressure (B) are late. Shallow breathing (C) isn't specific. D is correct. Rationale: LOC decline is an early, reliable ICP sign, guiding urgent intervention, per neurosurgical care standards.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a traumatic brain injury has a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GCS of 8 indicates severe injury; preparing for intubation (A) protects the airway. Ambulation (B), fluids (C), or bath (D) are inappropriate. A is correct. Rationale: GCS ≤8 risks airway compromise, requiring intubation readiness, per trauma care standards, prioritizing safety.
Question 4 of 5
In Hildegard Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Model, the focus is on which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Model centers on the individual, emphasizing the nurse-client relationship as a therapeutic tool for personal growth and problem-solving. Unlike models targeting communities or families, Peplau's framework views nursing as an interpersonal process where the nurse supports the client's emotional and health needs through phases like orientation and resolution. For instance, helping a client cope with anxiety post-diagnosis focuses on their unique experience, not broader societal dynamics. This individual focus distinguishes her theory, fostering tailored interventions that enhance client autonomy and well-being in clinical practice.
Question 5 of 5
The nursing supervisor has asked the staff to reduce the number of iatrogenic infections on the unit. Which of the following actions on your part would contribute to reducing iatrogenic infections?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing iatrogenic infections those caused by healthcare requires proper IV procedures, as catheter sites are common infection entry points. Correct technique, like sterile insertion and maintenance, prevents pathogen introduction. Teaching hand washing helps clients but not staff-related infections, while bagging linens or isolating TB addresses specific cases, not broad iatrogenic risks. This action directly lowers infection rates tied to nursing interventions.