ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is helping to prepare a patient for a renal biopsy. What position should the nurse help the patient assume?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prone position (D) with a sandbag under the abdomen allows flank access for renal biopsy. Sims (A) is lateral, Fowler's (B) is semi-sitting, and supine (C) is face-up, making D the required position.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a fluid volume deficit. When evaluating this patients urinalysis results, what should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluid volume deficit increases urine specific gravity (D) as kidneys concentrate urine due to low hydration. Fluctuating (A) or fixed (B) SG occurs in renal disease, and decreased SG (C) reflects high fluid intake, making D the expected finding.
Question 3 of 5
A patients most recent laboratory findings indicate a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 58 mL/min. The nurse should recognize what implication of this diagnostic finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: GFR of 58 mL/min (normal ~125 mL/min) indicates reduced filtration, raising serum creatinine (D). BUN increases, not decreases (A), potassium rises (not hypo, B), and voiding (C) isn't directly tied, making D the implication.
Question 4 of 5
A client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is experiencing flashbacks. The nurse identifies which intervention as most helpful?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grounding techniques help clients stay connected to the present during flashbacks.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus who has been recently diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The patient has an elevated phosphorus level and has been prescribed calcium acetate to bind the phosphorus. The nurse should teach the patient to take the prescribed phosphorus-binding medication at what time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Both calcium carbonate and calcium acetate are medications that bind with the phosphate and assist in excreting the phosphate from the body, in turn lowering the phosphate levels. Phosphate-binding medications must be administered with food to be effective.