The nurse is completing a medication history for the surgical patient in preadmission testing. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the patient to hold in preparation for surgery?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ibuprofen, an NSAID, should be held before surgery because it inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time, increasing postoperative bleeding risk. This anticoagulant effect, lasting days, heightens hemorrhage potential in surgical wounds. Acetaminophen, a pain reliever without antiplatelet action, poses no bleeding risk and is safe preoperatively. Vitamin C supports wound healing with no surgical contraindications. Miconazole, an antifungal, doesn't affect clotting or surgery. The nurse's instruction to hold ibuprofen typically 7-10 days prior, per physician guidance mitigates bleeding complications, ensuring safer hemostasis during and after the procedure, a key preoperative safety measure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia, a rare anesthesia complication, matches these symptoms hypercarbia (elevated CO2), tachypnea, tachycardia, PVCs, and muscle rigidity triggered by agents like succinylcholine. It's a hypermetabolic crisis requiring urgent dantrolene. Hypoxia shows low oxygen, not CO2 rise. Fluid imbalance lacks rigidity, presenting volume-related signs. Hemorrhage causes tachycardia but not rigidity or hypercarbia blood loss is key. The nurse's suspicion drives immediate action, aligning with protocols to reverse this life-threatening state intraoperatively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines health as a dynamic state influenced by multiple factors, with a particular emphasis on environment and health status. 'Environment and Health status,' is correct because it reflects the ANA's holistic view, recognizing that health is shaped by one's surroundings (physical, social, and cultural) and current well-being, rather than just biological factors. 'Health and Wealth,' is incorrect, as wealth is not a core component of the ANA's definition, though it may indirectly influence health. 'Behaviour and development,' focuses on individual actions and growth, which are aspects of health but not the primary duo highlighted by the ANA. 'Economics and Environment,' includes environment but substitutes economics for health status, missing the ANA's focus on the individual's condition. The ANA's framework, rooted in nursing's patient-centered approach, prioritizes how environment interacts with health status to define well-being, making C the accurate choice based on its established standards.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aseptic technique refers to practices designed to prevent contamination by pathogens, maintaining a sterile environment during procedures like surgery or lab work. 'Contamination with infective agents are prevented,' is correct because it captures the essence of asepsis, as outlined in infection control guidelines (e.g., CDC standards), focusing on keeping sterile fields free of microbes. 'Microorganisms are destroyed,' describes sterilization, not asepsis, which prevents rather than eliminates. 'The growth of microorganism is inhibited,' relates to antisepsis or bacteriostatic methods, not the preventive focus of aseptic technique. 'Microorganisms are cultured,' is the opposite, involving intentional growth. Aseptic technique's proactive prevention of contamination, such as using sterile gloves or tools, distinguishes it from destructive or growth-related processes, making B the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Multimedia refers to data integrating multiple forms, such as voice (audio), pictures (images), and motion (video). 'Multimedia,' is correct because it encompasses all these elements, as defined in media studies (e.g., Chapman's Digital Multimedia), used in applications like video conferencing. 'Audio,' is sound alone. 'Video,' includes motion and visuals but typically excludes standalone voice. 'Picture,' is static images only. Multimedia's comprehensive nature, combining these distinct media types into a cohesive experience, distinguishes it, making D the precise answer for data with voice, picture, and motion together.