The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who has had a carpel tunnel repair. The patient has a temperature of 97°F and is shivering. Which of the following is the best reason for this condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anesthesia lowers metabolism, reducing heat production and causing postoperative hypothermia (97°F) and shivering, as the body's thermoregulation is depressed. A gown alone or laminar flow contributes minimally in a short procedure like carpal tunnel repair. No open body cavity exists here unlike major surgeries so heat loss is limited. The nurse's recognition guides warming measures (e.g., blankets), aligning with recovery care to restore normothermia safely.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Susceptibility to infection hinges on factors that directly affect the body's ability to resist pathogens. 'Racial status,' is correct as the factor that does not typically influence susceptibility, as race is a social construct with no direct biological link to immune response, per modern medical consensus (e.g., WHO). 'Immune status,' is a key determinant, as a weakened immune system (e.g., HIV) increases infection risk. 'Nutritional status,' matters, as malnutrition impairs immune function (e.g., vitamin deficiencies). 'Metabolic disorder,' like diabetes, heightens susceptibility by disrupting immune responses. Unlike these physiological factors, racial status lacks evidence as a direct causal factor in infection risk, though socioeconomic disparities tied to race might indirectly affect health. Its exclusion from clinical determinants of susceptibility makes B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In legal systems, particularly civil law, the burden of proof for negligence lies with the plaintiff—the party bringing the case. 'Plaintiff,' is correct because they must demonstrate the defendant's duty, breach, causation, and damages, as per tort law principles (e.g., Prosser's Law of Torts). 'Defendant,' defends against claims, not proves them, unless counterclaiming. 'Court,' adjudicates, not bears proof. 'Corporate Organization,' is irrelevant unless a party, and even then, it's the plaintiff's role. The plaintiff's obligation to establish negligence, rooted in common law traditions like the U.S. or UK systems, makes A the accurate answer, reflecting the adversarial process where the accuser substantiates the claim.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The demerit of being tethered to lines and bottles' implies restricted mobility due to continuous delivery equipment. 'Intravenous,' is correct because IV administration often requires catheters and drip bags, limiting movement, as seen in hospital settings (e.g., IV fluids). 'Subcutaneous,' involves small injections or pumps, less restrictive. 'Intramuscular,' is a single shot, not continuous. 'Enteral,' is oral or tube feeding, not involving lines' like IVs. IV's reliance on infusion setups—common in prolonged treatments—makes A the precise answer, reflecting its practical drawback in patient care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The ASA classification assesses patient risk before anesthesia. 'ASA PS 4,' is correct for patients with severe systemic disease posing a constant life threat (e.g., unstable angina), per ASA guidelines. 'ASA PS 3,' is severe disease without immediate danger (e.g., stable diabetes). 'ASA PS 2,' is mild systemic disease (e.g., controlled hypertension). 'ASA PS 5,' is moribund patients unlikely to survive 24 hours. ASA PS 4's focus on life-threatening conditions matches the description, making D the precise answer.