ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has kidney disease and an acid-base imbalance. In what way do the kidneys help maintain acid-base balance in the body?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kidneys regulate acid-base balance by conserving or excreting bicarbonate ions (A) to buffer blood pH. Potassium (B) affects electrolytes, CO2 excretion (C) is pulmonary, and protein retention (D) is unrelated, making A the key mechanism.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient who has returned from a dialysis session. After dialysis the nurse anticipates which of these patient findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Based on the fluid pulled off during dialysis weight will be lost.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient suspected of having renal dysfunction. When reviewing laboratory results for this patient, the nurse interprets the presence of which substances in the urine as most suggestive of pathology?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucose and protein (C) in urine suggest pathology (e.g., diabetes, glomerular damage), as they're normally reabsorbed. Potassium/sodium (A), bicarbonate/urea (B), and creatinine/chloride (D) are typically present, making C the most abnormal finding.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is scheduled for diagnostic testing to address prolonged signs and symptoms of genitourinary dysfunction. What signs and symptoms are particularly suggestive of urinary tract disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain (B), voiding changes (D), and GI symptoms (C) suggest urinary disease, but B is a key single symptom. Petechiae (A) and jaundice (E) aren't linked, making B a primary indicator.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with somatic symptom disorder frequently visits the clinic with physical complaints. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are primarily related to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Somatic symptoms often stem from unresolved psychological conflicts.