ATI LPN
Test Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has kidney disease. How does the nurse end a 24-hour urine test at the end of the 24 hours?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The final void at 24 hours (A) completes the 24-hour collection, added to the container. Discarding (B) loses data, 100 mL (C) isn't standard, and first/last (D) isn't the protocol, making A the correct step.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing pre-procedure teaching about an ultrasound. The nurse informs the patient that in preparation for an ultrasound of the lower urinary tract the patient will require what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ultrasound of the lower urinary tract requires a full bladder (A) via increased fluid intake for clear imaging. Contrast (B) is for IV urography, sedation (C) isn't needed, and radioisotopes (D) are for nuclear scans, making A the preparation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a diagnosis of respiratory acidosis is experiencing renal compensation. What function does the kidney perform to assist in restoring acid-base balance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kidneys compensate for acidosis by reabsorbing bicarbonate (B) into circulation, buffering pH. They excrete acid, not sequester H+ (A), return acid (C), or excrete bicarbonate (D), making B the function.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) performs rituals to relieve anxiety. The nurse explains that the underlying cause of OCD is most likely related to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: OCD is associated with dysfunction in serotonin regulation in the brain.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for acutely ill patient. What assessment finding should prompt the nurse to inform the physician that the patient may be exhibiting signs of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oliguria (<500 mL/d of urine) is the most common clinical situation seen in AKI. Flank pain and inability to initiate voiding are not characteristic of AKI. Cloudy, foul-smelling urine is suggestive of a urinary tract infection.