ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who describes changes in his voiding patterns... What would the nurse expect this patients physical assessment to reveal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urgency, frequency, and low urine volumes (B) suggest retention, likely from obstruction. Hematuria (A) may follow, dehydration (C) reduces output without urgency, and renal failure (D) lacks these symptoms, making B the finding.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggles with social interactions. The nurse understands that the core feature of ASD is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ASD is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction.
Question 3 of 5
Renal failure can have prerenal, renal, or postrenal causes. A patient with acute kidney injury is being assessed to determine where, physiologically, the cause is. If the cause is found to be prerenal, which condition most likely caused it?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: By causing inadequate renal perfusion, heart failure can lead to prerenal failure. Glomerulonephritis and aminoglycoside toxicity are renal causes, and ureterolithiasis is a postrenal cause.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease who is weak due to low hemoglobin. What is the best explanation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erythropoietin production decreases in chronic kidney disease.
Question 5 of 5
When ADH levels in the blood are high, the collecting ducts are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High ADH increases collecting duct permeability to water (C) via aquaporin-2, concentrating urine. They remain impermeable to water without ADH (A), proteins (B) are not filtered, and sodium/chloride (D) are regulated elsewhere, making C the effect of ADH.