ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamental Physical Assessment LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of diverticulitis. Which finding is associated with an acute episode of diverticulitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Left lower quadrant pain is a hallmark of acute diverticulitis, reflecting inflammation in the sigmoid colon bright red bleeding suggests diverticulosis bleed, a board-like abdomen indicates perforation (a complication), and fever is less specific. Nurses assess this pain, often cramping, reporting it to guide antibiotics and rest, preventing perforation in this gastrointestinal emergency.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with a new colostomy. Which statement by the client indicates the need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Saying popcorn and nuts are fine post-colostomy shows misunderstanding high-fiber, hard-to-digest foods risk blockage. Emptying at one-third, changing every 3-5 days, and fluids are correct. Nurses clarify diet, preventing complications, key for stoma adaptation.
Question 3 of 5
Grey Turner's sign is seen in :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grey Turner's sign is bruising on the flanks, indicating retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Myocarditis (choice A) affects the heart, with no such sign. Pancreatitis (choice B), especially severe or hemorrhagic, causes enzyme leakage and bleeding into the retroperitoneum, manifesting as Grey Turner's sign (or Cullen's sign near the navel). Pleural effusion (choice C) involves lung fluid, unrelated to flank bruising. Monteggia fracture (choice D, misspelled) is an arm injury. B is correct, as pancreatitis is the classic cause. Nurses assess this sign, monitor vitals, and manage pain/fluids, alerting physicians to potential severity.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following helps in prevention of neural tube defect in fetus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neural tube defects (NTDs) like spina bifida result from failed neural tube closure. Vitamin A (choice A) supports vision, not NTD prevention. Vitamin C (choice B) aids immunity, unrelated. Iron (choice C) prevents anemia, not NTDs. Folic acid (choice D), 400 mcg daily pre-conception, reduces NTD risk by supporting cell division. D is correct, per CDC guidelines. Nurses counsel on folate, ensuring prenatal care prevents these defects.
Question 5 of 5
Icheanne asked you again, What is that term that describes the magnetic attraction of injured tissue to bring phagocytes to the site of injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The term for the 'magnetic attraction' of injured tissue drawing phagocytes is chemotaxis, but it's not listed. Among the options, D ('I don't know ) is correct as it acknowledges the absence of the precise term. Diapedesis (B) is the process of phagocytes squeezing through vessel walls, not attraction. Emigration (C) is their movement out of vessels, not the pull. Option A dismisses the question. Chemotaxis involves chemical signals (e.g., cytokines) luring phagocytes, but since it's missing, D reflects the nurse's honest uncertainty, aligning with the need for accuracy in medical terminology.