ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who tells the nurse, 'I used to exercise daily, but since my diagnosis of COPD, I don't do much of anything.' Which nursing response promotes the client's health?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a COPD client who's stopped exercising, promoting health means adapting to limits while encouraging activity 'Let's find activities you can enjoy' offers tailored options like gentle walking or chair exercises, boosting lung function and mood without overtaxing breathing. This tertiary prevention approach enhances life quality post-diagnosis, a nursing strength, as studies show light activity cuts COPD decline. Returning to old routines risks exhaustion, ignoring lung capacity loss. Dismissing exercise negates its benefits movement aids oxygen use. Pushing through fatigue could worsen symptoms, not help. The nurse's reply fosters hope and agency, key to managing chronic illness, aligning with nursing's goal to optimize function and well-being within new realities.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a postoperative client who had a pneumonectomy. The nurse monitors the client for which adverse signs and symptoms indicating acute pulmonary edema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-pneumonectomy, frothy sputum (A) signals acute pulmonary edema, a fluid overload complication. Pain (B) is surgical. Chest tube drainage (C) isn't present post-pneumonectomy. Rate of 20 (D) is normal. A is correct. Rationale: Frothy sputum reflects alveolar fluid, requiring urgent intervention, per post-surgical monitoring standards.
Question 3 of 5
After an automobile collision, a client who sustained multiple injuries is oriented to person and place but is confused to time. The client complains of a headache and drowsiness, but assessment reveals that the pupils are equal and reactive. Which nursing action takes priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-collision with confusion, headache, and drowsiness, monitoring for increased ICP (D) is the priority to detect deterioration. Minimal movement (A) is secondary. Mannitol (B) requires orders. Stimulation (C) may not help. D is correct. Rationale: ICP monitoring identifies progression like hematoma, guiding urgent intervention, per trauma care priorities.
Question 4 of 5
A client who was in a motorbike accident has a severe neck injury. Which priority nursing care is most needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe neck injury from a motorbike accident prioritizes maintaining a patent airway (C), as trauma may obstruct breathing. Crepitus (A), bleeding (B), and neuro checks (D) follow. C is correct. Rationale: Airway patency is the first ABC step in trauma, preventing hypoxia, per emergency care protocols, critical in neck injuries with potential swelling or fracture.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a traumatic brain injury who is at risk for seizures. The healthcare provider prescribes phenytoin. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor while the client is receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin, an anticonvulsant, requires monitoring liver function tests (B) due to hepatotoxicity risk. Potassium (A), BUN (C), or WBC (D) aren't primary. B is correct. Rationale: Liver metabolism of phenytoin can elevate enzymes, necessitating regular checks, per pharmacology, to prevent toxicity in brain injury care.