The nurse is caring for a client following the reimplantation of the thumb and index finger. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Coolness and discoloration of reimplanted digits signal vascular compromise, needing urgent reporting mild fever, pain, and stiffness are expected. Nurses monitor perfusion, acting fast, preserving viability in this surgical emergency.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Operant conditioning involves learning through consequences, such as rewards or punishments, distinguishing it from classical conditioning. Choice A, a dog salivating at a bell, is an example of classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus (bell) becomes associated with an unconditioned response (salivation) via repeated pairing, as demonstrated by Pavlov. In contrast, choice B, a rat pressing a lever for food, exemplifies operant conditioning, as the rat learns to perform an action (lever press) to receive a reward (food). Choice C, a crow pecking a key for food, also fits operant conditioning, as the behavior is reinforced by a positive outcome. Choice D, 'all of the above,' is incorrect because A is not operant conditioning. B is the correct answer as it clearly illustrates a behavior shaped by its consequence, a core principle of operant conditioning. Nurses apply this concept in behavior modification therapies, reinforcing positive actions to improve patient outcomes, making it critical to distinguish between these learning types.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) follows rheumatic fever, triggered by an immune response to infection. Meningococci (choice A) cause meningitis, not RHD. Choice B (Group A B hemolytic staphylococci) is a misnomer; staphylococci don't cause RHD. Pneumococci (choice C) lead to pneumonia, not rheumatic fever. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (choice D, Streptococcus pyogenes) cause pharyngitis, initiating an autoimmune reaction damaging heart valves in RHD. D is correct, reflecting the established etiology. Nurses administer penicillin, monitor cardiac function, and educate on prophylaxis, preventing progression.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: During tonic-clonic seizures, safety is paramount. Oxygen (choice A) may follow but isn't first. Sitting/water (choice B) risks aspiration, inappropriate. Protecting from injury (choice C) padding, clearing objects prevents harm during convulsions. Restraints (choice D) worsen injury. C is correct, per seizure protocol. Nurses time seizures, ensure airway post-ictal, and reassure, prioritizing safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Imelda's massive tissue loss and lacerations suggest second intention healing (B). This occurs in large, open wounds where edges can't be sutured, healing via granulation tissue formation from the base up, often with significant scarring. First intention (A) requires clean, approximated edges, not feasible here. Third intention (C) involves delayed closure of infected wounds, but the scenario doesn't specify infection or surgical delay. Fourth intention (D) isn't recognized. Second intention fits extensive trauma with tissue loss, as the body fills the defect naturally, making B the correct answer.