ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell disease experiencing severe chest pain, fever, a cough, and dyspnea. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Notify the health care practitioner because chest syndrome is suspected. Chest syndrome is a life-threatening complication in sickle cell disease characterized by acute chest pain, fever, cough, and dyspnea. The priority action is to notify the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation and treatment. Administering oxygen (choice A) is important but not the priority in this case. Administering pain medication (choice B) can provide some relief but does not address the underlying cause. Notifying the healthcare provider for a suspected stroke (choice D) is not appropriate based on the symptoms described.
Question 2 of 5
Which action by the parents demonstrates an understanding of the nurse’s teaching with regard to prevention of iron-deficient anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because starting iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age aligns with the nurse's teaching to prevent iron-deficient anemia. Iron-fortified foods help meet the infant's iron needs, as breastmilk alone may not provide sufficient iron after 4-6 months. Choice A is incorrect because formula not fortified with iron can lead to iron deficiency. Choice C is incorrect because cow's milk is not recommended before 1 year old due to its low iron content and risk of causing intestinal bleeding. Choice D is incorrect because vitamin C actually enhances iron absorption, so limiting it would not prevent anemia.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is currently bleeding through the gastrointestinal tract. Which prescription does the nurse anticipate for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: In DIC, there is widespread clotting depleting clotting factors and platelets, leading to bleeding. Fresh frozen plasma and platelets are indicated to replenish these factors. Aspirin and Coumadin are anticoagulants and would worsen bleeding. Heparin is also an anticoagulant and not indicated in active bleeding.
Question 4 of 5
The antiemetic drug ondansetron (Zofran) is administered to a child receiving chemotherapy. When should the nurse administer this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Ondansetron is a prophylactic antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting. 2. Administering before chemotherapy helps to pre-emptively control symptoms. 3. By giving it before, the drug can reach peak effectiveness when chemotherapy-induced nausea is most likely to occur. 4. Administering after or only if nausea occurs may not provide optimal prevention. 5. Choice D is incorrect as ondansetron is effective for controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse would prepare the parents of a child with suspected leukemia for which of the following tests that would confirm this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bone marrow aspiration. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow, so bone marrow aspiration is the definitive test to confirm the diagnosis. It allows for the examination of the bone marrow cells to identify abnormal cells characteristic of leukemia. A: Lumbar puncture is used to assess the cerebrospinal fluid and is not specific for leukemia diagnosis. C: Complete blood count with differential can show abnormalities, but bone marrow aspiration is needed for a definitive diagnosis. D: Blood culture is used to detect infections, not leukemia. In summary, bone marrow aspiration is the most direct and accurate test for confirming leukemia, as it provides a detailed analysis of the bone marrow cells.