ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is aware that blood type O is considered the universal donor. This means all patients can receive blood type O. Knowing this, which of the following statements is correct. (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a client with blood type B can receive blood type B and O. This is based on the compatibility rules for blood transfusions where individuals with blood type B can safely receive blood from donors with blood type B (as there are no antibodies against type B blood present in their system) and from universal donors with blood type O (since type O blood does not contain A or B antigens). Choice B is incorrect because individuals with blood type B should not receive blood type A due to the presence of A antigens. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with blood type B should not receive blood type AB as it contains both A and B antigens. Choice D is incorrect for the same reason as choice C.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyspnea with hiccups. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, leading to chest pain worsened by lying flat and relieved by sitting upright. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) may occur due to compression of the heart by fluid or inflammation. Hiccups can result from irritation of the diaphragm. Fever with chills (choice C) is more indicative of an infectious process. Tachycardia alone (choice D) is a nonspecific symptom and can occur in various conditions, but pericarditis typically presents with a combination of symptoms including chest pain and dyspnea.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is having a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent placement. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate in the post-procedure plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor for bleeding. After PTCA with stent placement, the nurse should anticipate monitoring the client for signs of bleeding at the catheter insertion site. This is crucial as bleeding is a common complication post-procedure. The nurse should assess the insertion site regularly for any signs of bleeding, such as swelling, hematoma, or active bleeding. Prompt identification and management of bleeding can prevent further complications. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Administer beta blockers - Beta blockers are not typically administered immediately post-PTCA with stent placement. They may be part of the long-term management for cardiac conditions but are not a priority post-procedure. C: Increase fluid intake - While maintaining adequate hydration is important for overall health, increasing fluid intake is not a specific post-procedure intervention for PTCA with stent placement. D: Restrict all movement - Restricting all movement post-PTCA with stent placement is not necessary. Encouraging
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing for cardiac tamponade on a client who had coronary artery bypass grafts. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus. This is the most appropriate action because pulsus paradoxus is a key sign of cardiac tamponade, where there is an abnormal drop in blood pressure during inspiration. This occurs due to increased pressure on the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Checking for chest pain (B) may not be specific to cardiac tamponade. Monitoring ECG for ST changes (C) is important but may not be as immediate as assessing for pulsus paradoxus. Assessing respiratory rate (D) is also important but may not be as specific to cardiac tamponade as checking for pulsus paradoxus.
Question 5 of 5
What should be monitored when a patient is taking NSAIDs? (Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Gds) because monitoring gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects is essential when a patient is taking NSAIDs due to the increased risk of ulcers, bleeding, and perforation. B: CNS adverse effects are potential side effects of NSAIDs, so monitoring for symptoms like headache, dizziness, and confusion is necessary. C: Cardiac adverse effects such as increased risk of heart attack and stroke should be monitored in patients taking NSAIDs. D: Renal adverse effects like decreased kidney function and fluid retention are common with NSAIDs and warrant monitoring. In summary, choice A (Gds) does not apply because GI adverse effects are a crucial consideration when monitoring patients on NSAIDs, making it the correct answer.