ATI LPN
Assessment of Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is aware that blood type O is considered the universal donor. This means all patients can receive blood type O. Knowing this, which of the following blood can be administered to which patient. (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Blood type O is considered the universal donor because it lacks A and B antigens on its red blood cells. Step 2: A patient with blood type A can receive blood type A (as it matches) and blood type O (since O lacks A and B antigens). Step 3: Therefore, the correct answer is A, as patients with blood type A can receive blood type A and O. Summary: Choice A is correct because patients with blood type A can receive blood type A and O due to the compatibility of antigens. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the antigen compatibility and restrictions of blood types.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who had a myocardial infarction. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor in the first 24 hr?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ventricular dysrhythmias. After a myocardial infarction, the heart is at risk for arrhythmias due to damaged tissue and electrical instability. Monitoring for dysrhythmias is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications. Cardiogenic shock (B) typically occurs later, not within the first 24 hours. Pulmonary edema (C) is a potential complication but usually presents a bit later. Pericarditis (D) is also a potential complication but typically occurs days to weeks after a myocardial infarction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is assessing the lower extremities and ankles of a client who has a history of peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry, pale skin with minimal body hair. In peripheral arterial disease, there is reduced blood flow to the extremities, leading to decreased oxygen and nutrients reaching the skin and hair follicles, resulting in dry, pale skin and reduced body hair. The lack of blood flow causes skin to appear pale due to reduced oxygenation. Additionally, decreased blood flow can lead to reduced hair growth. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Warm, red skin is more indicative of inflammation or infection. Swollen ankles are often seen in conditions such as heart failure or venous insufficiency. Thickened toenails are commonly seen in fungal infections or trauma to the nails.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. The client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mm Hg, heart rate 102/min, respirations 22/min, and SpO2 95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure. Step-by-step rationale: 1. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a serious condition that can lead to rupture if not managed properly. 2. The client's elevated blood pressure of 160/98 mm Hg can increase the risk of rupture. 3. Administering antihypertensive medication can help lower the blood pressure and reduce the risk of rupture. 4. By managing the blood pressure, the nurse is helping to stabilize the client before surgery. Summary of other choices: B: Increasing IV fluids may not directly address the elevated blood pressure and can potentially worsen the situation. C: Monitoring without intervention may lead to a missed opportunity to prevent a potential rupture. D: Administering oxygen is not the priority action in this scenario; addressing the elevated blood pressure is crucial.
Question 5 of 5
What is a common use of NSAIDs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To manage acute gout attacks. NSAIDs are commonly used in managing gout due to their anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce pain and swelling during acute attacks. NSAIDs do not treat osteoporosis (A), increase platelet production (C), or stimulate appetite (D). It is important to choose NSAIDs carefully based on individual factors such as medical history and potential side effects.