ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the delivery of a client with abruptio placenta. Following delivery, the nurse should give priority to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking uterine firmness post-abruptio placenta delivery prevents postpartum hemorrhage, a priority Apgar, IV, and oxygen follow maternal stabilization. Nurses massage the fundus, monitoring bleeding, critical for maternal survival in this obstetric emergency.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a client with a newly applied long leg cast. Which action will help prevent complications with the casted extremity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inserting a finger between cast and skin checks circulation, preventing neurovascular issues in a new long leg cast dependent position increases swelling, warmth checks are vague, and ice atop is ineffective. Nurses monitor fit, teaching elevation, ensuring healing without complications.
Question 3 of 5
Best test to access the fluid status in a burn patient is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluid status in burn patients is critical due to massive losses from damaged skin. Electrolyte levels (choice A) indicate imbalances but not volume status directly. Hematocrit (choice B) measures blood concentration; in burns, it rises with hemoconcentration from plasma loss, making it a practical indicator of fluid shifts. Creatinine level (choice C) assesses kidney function, indirectly reflecting hydration over time, not acutely. Hemoglobin level (choice D) tracks oxygen-carrying capacity but is less sensitive to immediate fluid changes. B is correct, as hematocrit provides a rapid, reliable gauge of fluid resuscitation needs. Nurses use this, alongside urine output, to titrate IV fluids, preventing shock or overload in burn management.
Question 4 of 5
Which Vaccine is contraindicated in child with history of Convulsions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vaccines in children with convulsions require caution. DPT (choice A) contains pertussis, linked to rare febrile seizures post-vaccination; in children with uncontrolled seizures, it's contraindicated or delayed until stabilized, per AAP guidelines. Measles (choice B), typhoid (choice C), and BCG (choice D) don't carry this risk; measles may cause fever but not specifically seizures in this context. A is correct, reflecting DPT's precaution. Nurses assess seizure history, consult physicians, and may use DT instead, ensuring safe immunization.
Question 5 of 5
What kind of exudates is expected when there is an antibody-antigen reaction as a result of microorganism infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An antibody-antigen reaction from a microorganism infection, like bacterial invasion, typically produces purulent exudates (C), rich in pus, neutrophils, and debris due to active immune response. Serous exudates (A) are clear and watery, seen in mild inflammation (e.g., blisters). Serosanguinous (B) is a mix of serum and blood, common in surgical wounds. Sanguinous (D) is bloody, linked to trauma or vessel damage, not infection-driven immunity. Purulent exudates reflect the body's fight against pathogens, as neutrophils engulf microbes, forming pus a hallmark of such reactions making C the accurate choice.