The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet, an antiviral medication. The nurse should monitor the results of which laboratory study while the client is taking this medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum creatinine level. Foscarnet, an antiviral medication, can cause nephrotoxicity. Monitoring serum creatinine levels is crucial to assess renal function and detect any potential kidney damage. CD4+ T cell count (A) is important in HIV management but not specific to foscarnet monitoring. Lymphocyte count (B) and serum albumin level (C) are not directly related to foscarnet therapy or its potential side effects.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: GnRH analogue. In a 75-year-old man with prostate cancer and elevated PSA levels, GnRH analogues are the treatment of choice to suppress testosterone production and inhibit tumor growth. Observation (A) is not recommended due to the aggressive nature of prostate cancer. Radiation therapy (B) may be used as adjuvant therapy but is not the primary treatment for advanced disease. Estrogen therapy (C) is not recommended in men due to its side effects. Choosing GnRH analogues (D) is supported by guidelines for advanced prostate cancer management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acute myeloid leukemia. The clinical presentation of fever, bone pain, ecchymoses, and presence of Auer rods on smear is highly suggestive of acute myeloid leukemia. AML is characterized by the rapid proliferation of abnormal myeloid cells in the bone marrow, leading to symptoms such as fever, bone pain, and easy bruising. The presence of Auer rods on smear is a hallmark finding in AML. Multiple myeloma (A) presents with lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and monoclonal gammopathy. Myelofibrosis (B) is characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, and teardrop-shaped red blood cells. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (D) typically presents with an elevated white blood cell count, splenomegaly, and the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Anemia of renal disease. In this case, the patient's chronic kidney disease is causing decreased erythropoietin production, leading to anemia. Dialysis can also contribute to anemia. Thalassemia (choice A) and iron deficiency (choice B) can be ruled out by normal indices. Anemia of chronic disease (choice D) is typically associated with chronic inflammatory conditions, not specifically renal disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Patient with digoxin toxicity. In this scenario, the patient with pancytopenia is at risk for bleeding due to low blood cell counts. Digoxin toxicity can cause an increased risk of bleeding, making it important to monitor for signs of bleeding in the roommate. Viral pneumonia, shingles, and cellulitis do not directly increase the risk of bleeding, making them less ideal roommates for a patient with pancytopenia. Selecting the patient with digoxin toxicity as the roommate ensures appropriate monitoring and management of potential bleeding complications.