ATI LPN
Renal System Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient suspected of having developed acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse should expect to address what clinical manifestation that is characteristic of this health problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary presenting feature of acute glomerulonephritis is hematuria (blood in the urine), which may be microscopic (identifiable through microscopic examination) or macroscopic or gross (visible to the eye). Proteinuria, primarily albumin, which is present, is due to increased permeability of the glomerular membrane. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels may rise as urine output drops. Some degree of edema and hypertension is noted in most patients.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient who returned from dialysis. What finding is anticipated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight loss occurs due to fluid removal during dialysis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following promotes sodium retention and potassium loss from the blood across the wall of the distal convoluted tubule?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aldosterone (C) increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal tubule, regulating electrolytes. Renin (A) triggers the RAAS, angiotensin II (B) stimulates aldosterone, and angiotensin I (D) is a precursor, making C the direct effector.
Question 4 of 5
Typically, as GFR increases, the [Naâº] of the filtrate reaching the DCT will
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Higher GFR (A) increases filtrate volume, reducing PCT reabsorption time, raising Na⺠concentration reaching the DCT. Decrease (B) or no change (C) assumes full compensation, but faster flow elevates Naâº, making A correct.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse reviews the health history of a client with an oversecretion of renin. Which disorder should the nurse correlate with this assessment finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excess renin increases blood pressure via aldosterone, making hypertension the correlated disorder.