The nurse is admitting a child with Kawasaki disease. The symptom she should recognize for this.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peeling palms and soles (D) is a hallmark of Kawasaki disease’s convalescent phase. Respiratory distress (A), hyperlipidemia (B), and GERD (C) are unrelated. Document: 'The child with Kawasaki disease has… desquamation (peeling) of palms and soles.'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A 12-year-old with a small ventricular septal defect (VSD) presents with heart failure, a pansystolic murmur, and an early diastolic murmur, suggesting aortic valve regurgitation (Choice B). Over time, a VSD can distort the aortic root, leading to aortic regurgitation, increased left ventricular volume, and heart failure. Acute rheumatic fever (Choice A) requires fever and inflammation, absent here. Eisenmenger syndrome (Choice C) involves cyanosis from shunt reversal, not present. An increasing left-to-right shunt (Choice D) wouldn’t cause a diastolic murmur. Aortic regurgitation fits the clinical findings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Trachoma is the leading preventable cause of blindness globally, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, treatable with antibiotics and preventable through hygiene (WHO data). Glaucoma is significant but less preventable on a global scale. Retinoblastoma and optic nerve glioma are rare cancers, not primary preventable causes. Eye injury is notable but less prevalent than trachoma.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Isolation of M. tuberculosis from culture is the gold standard for TB diagnosis, providing definitive evidence (CDC). Options B-E are supportive but less specific.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Enterovirus 70 is the primary cause of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, known for outbreaks with hemorrhage (WHO). Other viruses (B-E) are less common.