ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which promotional statement by the nurse would be the best example of a developmentally appropriate discussion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For college students, a developmentally appropriate primary prevention discussion targets relevant risks like sexual activity making 'Use of condoms can help prevent STIs and unwanted pregnancy' ideal. This addresses immediate health choices, promoting safety and averting disease or complications, fitting their life stage where sexual exploration peaks. Papanicolaou tests, HIV screening, and testicular exams are secondary prevention, focusing on early detection, less aligned with primary prevention's preemptive ethos. Condom use education empowers students with actionable, age-specific knowledge, reducing STI rates (e.g., chlamydia, prevalent in young adults) and unplanned pregnancies. This aligns with nursing's preventive focus, tailoring advice to developmental needs, ensuring relevance and impact for a population navigating new independence.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse provides education during the discharge of a client who has a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which priority statement does the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a client with multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic condition causing neurological disability, discharge teaching prioritizes safety and adaptation. Scheduling an occupational therapist for a home safety assessment (A) is the priority statement, addressing risks like falls due to weakness or spasticity, common in MS. Daily exercise (B) benefits mobility but isn't the top concern without context of ability. Incontinence products (C) manage symptoms but don't prevent harm. Social support (D) aids emotionally but lacks immediacy. A is chosen for its proactive safety focus. Rationale: MS often impairs coordination and strength; a tailored home assessment reduces injury risk, aligning with nursing's emphasis on prevention and independence, critical for long-term management over symptomatic relief or support alone.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is suctioning an adult client through a tracheostomy tube. During the procedure, the nurse notes that the client's oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry is $89 \%$. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oxygen saturation of $89% during suctioning indicates hypoxia; stopping the procedure (C) is the priority to restore oxygenation. Continuing (A) worsens desaturation. Calling respiratory (B) or changing catheters (D) delays action. C is correct. Rationale: Ceasing suctioning allows reoxygenation, preventing further decline, a critical step per oxygenation management guidelines, prioritizing patient stability.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of meningitis. What clinical findings indicate an increase in intracranial pressure? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis can raise intracranial pressure (ICP); bradycardia (B) is a classic sign of Cushing's triad (with hypertension and irregular breathing), indicating severe ICP elevation. Irritability (A) is early, not specific. Hyperalertness (C) contrasts with lethargy. Decreased pulse pressure (D) isn't typical. B is correct. Rationale: Bradycardia reflects brainstem compression from ICP, a late and critical sign requiring urgent intervention, per pediatric neurology standards, distinguishing it from earlier or unrelated findings.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury during the immediate postinjury period. Which is the priority focus of nursing care during this immediate phase?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the immediate post-SCI period, avoiding spine flexion or hyperextension (C) prevents further damage. UTIs (A) and contractures (B) are later concerns. Rehabilitation (D) is long-term. C is correct. Rationale: Spine stabilization is critical to limit cord injury progression, a priority in acute SCI management, per trauma protocols, ensuring neurological preservation over secondary or chronic care goals.