ATI LPN
Patient Care Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse instructs the client taking dexamethasone (Decadron) to take it with food or milk. The physiological basis for this instruction is that the medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dexamethasone stimulates hydrochloric acid production , increasing gastric irritation risk, per pharmacology. Taking it with food or milk buffers this effect, protecting the stomach lining. Pepsin isn't primarily affected, emptying time isn't slowed, and acid production isn't decreased . B explains the physiological need for this instruction.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with metastatic bone disease about measures to prevent hypercalcemia. It would be important for the nurse to emphasize
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Emphasizing walking as much as possible prevents hypercalcemia in metastatic bone disease. Mobility reduces bone resorption, per oncology nursing. Dairy increases calcium, fluid restriction risks dehydration, and tetany is hypocalcemia. C targets the cause effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing the mental status of a client admitted with possible organic brain disorder. Which of these questions will best assess the functioning of the client's recent memory?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: I am going to say the names of three things and I want you to repeat them after me: blue, ball, pen' best assesses recent memory. Immediate recall tests short-term memory function, per neurological assessment. A tests orientation, B attention, and D general knowledge. C targets the deficit.
Question 4 of 5
Dual diagnosis indicates that there is a substance abuse problem as well as a
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dual diagnosis means substance abuse and a mental disorder , per psychiatric standards. It addresses co-occurring conditions like depression and alcoholism. Cross addiction , any disorder , or medical issues don't define it. B ensures holistic care.
Question 5 of 5
The most common reason for an Apgar score of 8 and 9 in a newborn is an abnormality of what parameter?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Color is the most common reason for an Apgar of 8 or 9. Acrocyanosis (blue extremities) is typical in newborns, deducting 1 point, per neonatal assessment. Heart rate , tone , and cry are usually normal. D reflects this frequent finding.