ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has been teaching the role of diet in regulating blood pressure to a client with hypertension. Which meal selection indicates that the client understands his new diet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oatmeal, apple juice, and dry toast with coffee show low-sodium, heart-healthy choices for hypertension cornflakes with milk, bacon, and ham are sodium-rich. Nurses reinforce this, reducing cardiovascular strain, supporting BP control through diet.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with COPD. Which instruction should be included?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing during activity prolongs exhalation, reducing air trapping in COPD caffeine overstimulates, supine worsens dyspnea, and bronchodilators aid exercise. Nurses teach this technique, improving oxygenation, essential for managing chronic respiratory disease.
Question 3 of 5
Glucose is added to anti-diarrhoeal solution because:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) combat dehydration in diarrhea by enhancing fluid absorption. Glucose in ORS doesn't merely improve taste (choice A), though palatability helps compliance. It doesn't directly increase amino acid absorption (choice B), as its role isn't protein-related. Instead, glucose increases sodium absorption (choice C) via the sodium-glucose cotransport mechanism in the gut, where glucose facilitates sodium uptake, driving water absorption osmotically. Choice D, 'all of the above,' is incorrect because A and B are not primary functions. C is the correct answer, reflecting glucose's critical physiological role in ORS efficacy. Nurses administering ORS must understand this mechanism to explain its importance to caregivers, ensuring proper use in diarrhea management, especially in children, where dehydration can escalate rapidly without this sodium-glucose synergy.
Question 4 of 5
The most common cause of PPH is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive bleeding post-delivery. Atonic uterus (choice A), failure to contract after birth, is the leading cause (70-80% of cases), as uterine contraction normally compresses vessels. Retained placenta (choice B) traps tissue, causing bleeding, but is less common. Trauma (choice C) from tears or surgery, and coagulopathy (choice D) from clotting issues, contribute but are secondary. A is correct, reflecting PPH epidemiology. Nurses administer uterotonics (e.g., oxytocin), massage the fundus, and monitor bleeding, preventing maternal shock.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with Menieres Disease is experiencing severe vertigo. Which instruction should the nurse give to the patient to assist in controlling the vertigo.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meniere's disease causes vertigo from inner ear fluid imbalance. Increasing sodium (choice A) worsens fluid retention, triggering attacks. Avoiding sudden head movements (choice B) reduces vestibular stimulation, easing vertigo. Lying still watching TV (choice C) may provoke symptoms via visual input. More fluid (choice D) isn't helpful. B is correct, standard advice. Nurses teach this, monitor attacks, and support low-salt diets, improving quality of life.