ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 9
The nurse explained how to position an infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. The nurse can determine the father understood the instructions when he states 'If the baby turns blue, I will:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Knee-chest position (D) relieves cyanotic spells in tetralogy of Fallot by increasing systemic resistance. Other positions (A, B, C) are ineffective. Document: 'The infant should be placed in a knee-chest position.'
Question 2 of 9
A newborn failed to pass meconium within the first 24 hours of life. Physical examination reveals abdominal distension and a palpable mass in the left lower quadrant. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hirschsprung disease fits delayed meconium and a mass from stool retention, per AAP. A, B, D, E differ.
Question 3 of 9
A 3-year-old girl presents with a barking cough and inspiratory stridor. Symptoms improve with cool mist. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Croup presents with barking cough and stridor, responsive to cool mist, per AAP. A, C-E differ in symptoms.
Question 4 of 9
Parents bring their infant to the clinic seeking treatment for vomiting and diarrhea that has lasted for 2 days. On assessment, the nurse detects dry skin and mucous membranes, and listlessness. What other findings suggests a fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sunken eyes and fontanel (C) indicate fluid volume deficit in infants due to dehydration from fluid loss. Dehydration causes increased pulse (not decreased, A), decreased BP (not increased, B), and high specific gravity (not low, D). Document: 'Signs of fluid volume deficit… include sunken fontanels, increased pulse rate, and decreased blood pressure.'
Question 5 of 9
A 5-month-old infant presents with hypotonia and hepatomegaly. Labs show elevated lactate. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondrial disorder causes hypotonia and lactic acidosis, per NORD. A-D differ.
Question 6 of 9
Most common initial manifestation of childhood cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperactivity is often the first sign of cerebral ALD in children, preceding neurological decline (NORD). B-E appear later.
Question 7 of 9
A 5-year-old boy presents with hematuria and edema. Labs show hypoalbuminemia. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome features hematuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
Question 8 of 9
A 3-year-old with otitis media should be positioned
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Head elevated B promotes drainage, per document p24, 2.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse suggests which herb that is used for discomforts associated with menopause, such as hot flashes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Black cohosh (C) reduces menopausal hot flashes by lowering luteinizing hormone. Primrose (A) aids skin, echinacea (B) immunity, and milk thistle (D) liver. Document: 'Black cohosh diminishes hot flashes… [and] other menopausal discomforts.'