The nurse expects which of the following assessment findings from a client with colostomy who had the surgery yesterday?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A red stoma is expected post-colostomy e.g., healthy tissue day one. Pale/dry (ischemia), green (later), no drainage (obstruction) differ. Nurses expect e.g., moist red for healing, per ostomy norms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development underpins pediatric assessments of children's growth, focusing on eight stages tied to age-specific conflicts like trust versus mistrust in infancy. In a pediatric practice, a nurse uses this to gauge if a child's social and emotional milestones align with norms, assessing interactions or independence. Erikson integrates social, biological, and environmental factors, offering a lifespan lens ideal for children. Jean Watson's caring theory emphasizes interpersonal healing, not development. Martha Rogers' model centers on energy fields and client-environment interplay, less stage-focused. Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs prioritizes physical and psychological needs hierarchically, not age-based progression. Erikson's framework provides nurses a structured, age-sensitive tool to evaluate and support psychosocial health, critical for tailoring care to young clients' evolving capabilities.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chronic conditions, unlike acute ones, are defined by persistence and complexity, shaping nursing care. They are rarely curable e.g., diabetes requires ongoing management, not resolution. They have a prolonged course, unfolding over years, demanding sustained interventions like medication or lifestyle adjustments. Their onset is typically slow, not rapid, as with hypertension developing gradually versus a sudden fracture. They don't resolve spontaneously; without care, they worsen think arthritis progressing without therapy. These traits incurability, chronicity guide nurses to focus on long-term strategies, education, and support, contrasting with acute care's quick fixes. Understanding this ensures tailored plans that mitigate impact, enhancing quality of life for clients facing enduring health challenges.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Secondary prevention detects disease early in asymptomatic clients, halting progression perfect for a community setting. Screening for hearing loss fits this, identifying issues like age-related decline before symptoms like isolation emerge, enabling timely aids or therapy. Teaching a low-fat diet is primary, preventing illness onset, not detecting it. Referring to smoking cessation is primary too, averting lung disease, not finding it. Planning care for COPD is tertiary, managing a known condition. Hearing screening aligns with nursing's goal to catch silent problems studies show early detection cuts disability making it ideal for a well client. This proactive step ensures health maintenance, leveraging community access to intervene before symptoms disrupt life, a key nursing strategy for population wellness.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In an urgent case study scenario, the nurse must prioritize orders based on patient stability and immediate needs. Administering 0.9% sodium chloride 500 ml IV once (C) is a critical action to restore fluid volume or stabilize hemodynamics, often indicated in shock, dehydration, or pending diagnostic results. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter (A) monitors output but isn't immediately life-saving unless bladder obstruction is suspected. A CT scan of the chest (B) diagnoses conditions like pulmonary embolism, but preparation delays execution compared to IV fluids. Laboratory tests (D) like blood cultures, CBC, and ABGs are essential for infection or respiratory assessment but take time to process, lacking the immediacy of fluid administration. The question seeks three priority actions, but the CSV requires one answer, so C is selected as the most actionable and impactful initial step. Rationale: IV saline addresses acute hypovolemia or hypotension swiftly, buying time for diagnostics and interventions, aligning with emergency nursing principles of stabilizing ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation) first.