ATI LPN
Urinary System Test Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse caring for a patient with suspected renal dysfunction calculates that the patients weight has increased by 5 pounds in the past 24 hours. The nurse estimates that the patient has retained approximately how much fluid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 5 lbs = 2.27 kg, and 1 kg ≈ 1,000 mL, so ~2,300 mL (B) is retained. 1,300 mL (A) and 3,100 mL (C) miscalculate, and 5,000 mL (D) overestimates, making B the accurate estimate.
Question 2 of 5
A client with dissociative identity disorder (DID) is being assessed. The nurse understands that the primary cause of DID is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dissociative identity disorder is strongly linked to severe childhood trauma.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse coming on shift on the medical unit is taking a report on four patients. What patient does the nurse know is at the greatest risk of developing ESKD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (leading cause); hypertension; chronic glomerulonephritis; pyelonephritis; obstruction of the urinary tract; hereditary lesions, such as in polycystic kidney disease; vascular disorders; infections; medications; or toxic agents may cause ESKD. A patient with more than one of these risk factors is at the greatest risk for developing ESKD. Therefore, the patient with diabetes and hypertension is likely at highest risk for ESKD.
Question 4 of 5
A patient hourly urine output is recorded. Which output rate should be reported immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urine output below 30 mL/hr indicates potential kidney dysfunction.
Question 5 of 5
Most reabsorption of substances from the glomerular filtrate occurs in the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) (C) reabsorbs ~65% of glomerular filtrate, including water, glucose, and ions, due to its microvilli and carrier proteins. The glomerulus (A) filters, not reabsorbs, the collecting tubule (B) adjusts urine concentration, and the ureter (D) transports urine, making C the primary reabsorption site.