The nurse and the nursing assistant are caring for a group of postoperative patients who need turning, coughing, deep breathing, incentive spirometer, and leg exercises. The nurse directs the nursing assistant to

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse delegates to the nursing assistant to inform if patients are unwilling to perform exercises, leveraging their scope to observe and report while retaining oversight for follow-up. Teaching and demonstrating exercises require nursing judgment, beyond the assistant's role. Documentation in the medical record is a nursing responsibility for legal accuracy. Doing nothing neglects patient care needs. This delegation ensures the nurse addresses barriers like pain or reluctance, maintaining exercise compliance to prevent complications like thrombosis or atelectasis, per collaborative care principles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Culture refers to the collective customs, habits, traditions, attitudes, and beliefs that characterize a social group, distinguishing it from others. It's a comprehensive concept that defines a society's way of life. 'Culture,' is correct because it encapsulates all these elements, as defined by Edward Tylor, who described culture as the complex whole of a society's learned behaviors and beliefs. 'Personality,' is incorrect, as it pertains to individual characteristics, not group traits. 'Norm,' refers to specific behavioral rules within a culture, a narrower scope than the broad concept of culture itself. 'Ideology,' denotes a system of ideas, often political or philosophical, which is only a part of culture, not its entirety. Culture's all-encompassing nature, covering the full range of social group attributes listed in the question, makes B the most fitting answer, supported by its foundational role in anthropology and sociology as the shared essence of a community.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Viruses are unique pathogens with specific characteristics, and the question seeks the false statement. 'It multiplies by binary fission,' is correct as the exception because viruses do not reproduce via binary fission (a bacterial process of splitting into two); instead, they replicate by hijacking host cells to produce viral components. 'It cannot be grown on inanimate object or artificial media,' is true, as viruses require living host cells, not artificial media alone. 'It possesses either DNA or RNA but never both,' is true, as viruses are either DNA or RNA-based, not dual (per virology texts like Fields Virology). 'It is heat labile,' is true, as most viruses are sensitive to heat. Binary fission's absence in viral replication, contrasted with their reliance on host machinery, makes D the false statement, aligning with established virological principles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: System software manages and interacts with hardware, enabling it to function and support other programs. 'System software,' is correct because it includes operating systems (e.g., Windows) and drivers that directly interface with hardware circuits, per software engineering texts (e.g., Sommerville). 'Circuit software,' is not a recognized category. 'Interaction software,' is vague and undefined. 'Application software,' like word processors, relies on system software to access hardware, not interacting directly. System software's role as the bridge between hardware and applications, controlling circuits like CPUs or GPUs, makes A the precise answer, foundational to computer operation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In civil law, the plaintiff is the party who initiates a lawsuit, seeking remedy for a wrong. 'Plaintiff,' is correct because it identifies this role, as defined in civil procedure (e.g., Federal Rules of Civil Procedure). 'Lawyer,' represents, not brings, the suit. 'Defendant,' is the party sued. 'Nurse,' is irrelevant unless specified as the plaintiff. The plaintiff's position as the accuser in cases like negligence suits against a nurse distinguishes it, making C the accurate answer, grounded in legal tradition.