ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamental Physical Assessment LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse and doctor teamed up for Mr. Gary's treatment. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse-doctor teamwork is interdisciplinary collaboration (A) cross-profession, per definition. Family-centered (B) family, literacy (C) understanding, coordination (D) organization not team-specific. A fits Mr. Gary's joint care, making it correct.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statement best describe capitation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Capitation is fixed payment per patient (B), per model e.g., set rate for Mr. Gary's care. Not per service (A), not patient fee (C), not one-time (D) prepaid system. B best defines capitation's structure, controlling costs, making it correct.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following ethical principles refers to the duty not to harm?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonmaleficence, meaning 'do no harm,' is a core ethical principle in healthcare, obligating nurses to avoid causing injury, like double-checking medications. Beneficence promotes good, fidelity ensures loyalty, and veracity demands truthfulness. In practice, nonmaleficence guides safety protocols, balancing risks and benefits to protect patients, a foundational duty in ethical decision-making across all care settings.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse inadvertently infuses an IV solution containing potassium chloride too rapidly. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention advised by the physician?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid potassium chloride infusion risks hyperkalemia, causing cardiac arrhythmias. Insulin with dextrose shifts potassium into cells, lowering serum levels quickly and safely. Ringer's or normal saline dilutes but doesn't correct potassium directly. Albumin addresses oncotic pressure, not electrolytes. Nurses act swiftly, monitoring ECG and levels, reversing toxicity to prevent life-threatening complications like asystole.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse listens to Mrs. Sullen's lungs and notes a hissing sound or musical sound. The nurse documents this as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wheezes are characterized by high-pitched, musical, or hissing sounds heard during breathing, typically on exhalation, due to narrowed airways. This occurs when air is forced through constricted passages, often caused by conditions like asthma, bronchitis, or allergies. In Mrs. Sullen's case, the nurse's description of a hissing or musical sound perfectly matches the definition of wheezes, making it the appropriate documentation. Rhonchi, in contrast, are low-pitched, rattling sounds linked to secretions in larger airways, often cleared by coughing. Gurgles suggest fluid movement, typically in the gastrointestinal tract or severe lung conditions like pulmonary edema, not matching the description here. Vesicular sounds are normal, soft, breezy breath sounds heard over healthy lung tissue, not hissing or musical. Documenting wheezes alerts the healthcare team to a potential respiratory issue requiring further assessment, ensuring Mrs. Sullen receives proper care based on this precise observation.