ATI LPN
Perioperative Nursing Care Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administers the preoperative medication to the patient one hour before elective surgery, and then discovers the preoperative consent is not signed. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notify the health-care provider that surgery will need to be canceled,' as administering preoperative medication (e.g., sedatives) before obtaining signed consent impairs the patient's ability to provide informed consent, violating legal and ethical standards. 'Sign quickly' (A) risks invalid consent under sedation. 'Family or power of attorney' (B) requires prior designation, not assumed. 'Send without consent' (C) is illegal. In nursing, ensuring valid consent is critical; D aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, prioritizing patient autonomy and procedural legality over proceeding without authorization.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has conducted preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for surgery in 1 week. The client has a history of arthritis and has been taking acetylsalicylic acid. The nurse determines that the client needs additional teaching if the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: I need to continue to take the aspirin until the day of surgery,' as aspirin's anticoagulant effect increases bleeding risk and should stop 48 hours prior unlike 'bleeding risk' (A), 'clotting abnormality' (B), or 'check HCP' (D), all correct. In nursing, correcting misconceptions ensures safety; C aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, targeting medication management.
Question 3 of 5
A female patient is having a biopsy of a nodule found in the right breast. Which classification identifies this surgery?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A biopsy of a breast nodule is classified as diagnostic surgery because its purpose is to determine the nature of the nodule (e.g., benign or malignant). Urgent surgery implies immediate need due to life-threatening conditions, like appendicitis, which does not apply here. Minor surgery refers to low-risk procedures, but classification focuses on purpose, not complexity. Cosmetic surgery enhances appearance, irrelevant to a biopsy's diagnostic intent. The rationale lies in surgical classifications: diagnostic procedures gather information to guide treatment, distinct from curative, restorative, or palliative goals. A breast biopsy involves removing tissue for analysis, aligning with the diagnostic category, and is a critical step in cancer detection, emphasizing its investigative rather than therapeutic role.
Question 4 of 5
During preoperative screening, the nurse discovers that the patient is allergic to shellfish. What is the nurse's best first action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse's best first action is notifying the surgeon because shellfish allergy may indicate iodine sensitivity, critical for surgical antiseptics or contrast dyes. Developing a safety plan follows notification. A shellfish-free diet is irrelevant preoperatively, and family history is secondary. The rationale prioritizes communication: the surgeon must adjust protocols (e.g., alternative antiseptics) to prevent anaphylaxis, a life-threatening risk. Nursing's role is to escalate allergies immediately, ensuring the surgical team adapts, aligning with safety standards and preventing adverse reactions during the procedure.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has an MH incident during surgery. To whom does the nurse report this incident?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse reports an MH incident to the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry to track and study this rare condition. The Joint Commission oversees safety, CDC tracks diseases, and OSHA addresses workplace safety, none specific to MH. The rationale emphasizes data collection: the Registry improves MH understanding and prevention, aiding future care. Reporting supports nursing's role in quality improvement, distinct from regulatory or infectious disease oversight, enhancing patient safety long-term.