ATI LPN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The normal pH for blood plasma is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal blood plasma pH is 7.40, slightly alkaline.
Question 2 of 5
hypoventilation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoventilation retains CO₂ causing respiratory acidosis.
Question 3 of 5
The main extracellular anion is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chloride is the primary extracellular anion, balancing sodium.
Question 4 of 5
A person suffering from second and third degree burns over 60% of their body develops hyperkalemia. Why does this happen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia occurs as potassium leaks from damaged cells into the extracellular fluid.
Question 5 of 5
The patient has type B chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbated by an acute upper respiratory infection. Which blood gas values should the nurse expect to see?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type B COPD is a chronic disease that causes impaired excretion of carbonic acid, thus causing respiratory acidosis, with PaCO₂ high and pH low. This chronic disease exists long enough for some renal compensation to occur, manifested by high HCO₃⁻. Answers that include low or normal bicarbonate are not correct, because the renal compensation for respiratory acidosis involves excretion of more hydrogen ions than usual, with retention of bicarbonate in the blood. High pH occurs with alkalosis, not acidosis.