ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The newborn infant's stomach capacity is approximately which of the following in milliliters?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A newborn's stomach holds about 90 mL, fitting early feeding needs, unlike other volumes. Nurses use this for feeding plans.
Question 2 of 5
A client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requires high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Which oxygen delivery system would be most effective in providing the necessary PEEP?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A CPAP mask (C) effectively delivers PEEP in ARDS, maintaining airway pressure to improve oxygenation. Non-rebreather (A) and Venturi (B) don't provide PEEP. BVM (D) is for resuscitation, not continuous PEEP. CPAP supports alveolar recruitment, per critical care standards, vital in ARDS management.
Question 3 of 5
A client receiving HydroDIURIL (hydrochlorothiazide) is instructed to increase her dietary intake of potassium. The best snack for the client requiring increased potassium is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, increases potassium excretion, necessitating dietary potassium boosts to prevent hypokalemia, which can cause muscle weakness or arrhythmias. Among the options, bananas are renowned for high potassium content about 400-450 mg per medium fruit far exceeding pears (around 190 mg), apples (about 150 mg), or oranges (approximately 230 mg). This makes bananas the optimal snack to replenish potassium effectively, aligning with the client's therapeutic needs. Nurses educate clients on such choices to maintain electrolyte balance, emphasizing potassium-rich foods to counteract medication side effects and support overall health.
Question 4 of 5
A client has returned to his room following an esophagoscopy. Before offering fluids, the nurse should give priority to assessing the client's:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Post-esophagoscopy, assessing the gag reflex is critical before offering fluids, as sedation and throat manipulation may impair swallowing, risking aspiration. Consciousness, urine output, or extremity movement are secondary gag reflex directly ensures airway safety. Nurses prioritize this to confirm recovery from anesthesia, preventing complications like choking.
Question 5 of 5
The physician has prescribed Cognex (tacrine) for a client with dementia. The nurse should monitor the client for adverse reactions, which include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tacrine (Cognex) for dementia commonly elevates liver enzymes, a hepatotoxic effect requiring monitoring, as it can lead to serious liver damage key in Alzheimer's management. Thirst, hypotension, or dry mouth aren't primary concerns. Nurses track liver function tests, educating families on this risk, balancing cognitive benefits against potential toxicity.