The natural sedative in meat and milk products (especially warm milk) that can help induce sleep is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tryptophan naturally promotes sleep.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Apprentice Period (6th-19th centuries) ended in 1836 when Theodor Fliedner founded Kaiserwerth, training deaconesses formally e.g., Nightingale studied there. Unlike Dark (decline), Contemporary (modern), or Educative (post-apprentice), this shift from convent-based to structured education marked nursing's professionalization, a pivotal historical transition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nightingale's theory (1850s) hinges on environment as key to independence e.g., clean air aids recovery, enabling self-care. Henderson focuses on needs assistance, Orem on self-care deficits, and Swanson on caring processes. Nightingale's environmental manipulation remains foundational, influencing modern infection control and patient autonomy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rectal thermometers insert 1-2 inches e.g., 1 inch for adults, less for kids for accurate core temp without perforation risk. Longer (3-5 inches) is unsafe; 5 to 1.5 is illogical. Nurses follow this e.g., marking depth per procedure guidelines, ensuring precision and safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: One minute between BP readings e.g., arm reperfusion ensures accuracy, per AHA. Longer waits (5-30 min) are for activity rest, not re-reads. Nurses time this e.g., quick repeat for reliable trends, standard in sequential monitoring.