ATI LPN
Respiratory System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The muscular layer of the heart wall is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The myocardium is the heart wall's muscular layer, cardiac muscle with intercalated discs for synchronized contraction, pumping blood. Epicardium (outer) and endocardium (inner) are connective; pericardium is the external sac. This layer's thickness and strength, especially left-sided, drive heart action, key in physiology and failure where muscle weakens, a definitive cardiac component.
Question 2 of 5
When assisting with psychological issues for the client with lung cancer, which epidemiological factor should the nurse keep in mind?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lung cancer's 5-year survival <15% (A) is key, per document (1). SEER data show 18% overall, worse for late-stage (e.g., 5% stage IV). Symptoms late (B false 70% advanced at diagnosis), growth varies (C inaccurate bronchial or peripheral), and smoking duration (D) is risk, not psychology focus. A's grim prognosis 90% mortality shapes counseling (e.g., hopelessness), distinguishing it from D's etiology.
Question 3 of 5
The parents of an infant with bronchiolitis ask the nurse why their baby's room has a sign on the door that says 'contact precautions' and why the nurses all wear gloves and gowns when they hold him. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Precautions prevent viral spread' (A) best explains contact precautions for bronchiolitis (RSV), per document (1). Gloves/gowns block droplet/contact transmission (e.g., 10ⶠvirions/mL mucus), protecting others. B's focus on severity is true but less precise. C's protection reverses direction. D's generalization is false. A's clarity 30% hospital spread risk educates, unlike C's inaccuracy, per CDC.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse teaches a mother how to attach a spacer to the metered-dose inhaler for a young child. How should the nurse explain the purpose of the spacer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spacers reduce oral yeast risk (D) by deepening medication delivery, per document (4). They aerosolize drugs (e.g., budesonide), cutting throat deposition (50% less), lowering thrush odds (10% to 2%). Intimidation (A) is minor. Shaking (B) remains needed. Upper tract focus (C) is false. D's lung targeting 80% deposition enhances efficacy, unlike C's error, per GINA.
Question 5 of 5
During swallowing, the glottis is covered by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The epiglottis, a cartilage flap, covers the glottis (laryngeal opening) during swallowing, tilting back to seal the airway and direct food to the esophagus, preventing aspiration. False vocal cords (vestibular folds) and true vocal cords (within the larynx) shape sound, not closure. The Adam's apple (thyroid cartilage) protects the larynx but doesn't cover the glottis. This epiglottal action, a reflex via the vagus nerve, is vital for airway protection, key in choking prevention and understanding dysphagia where this fails, a critical upper respiratory function.