ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The mother of a toddler is concerned because her child does not seem interested in eating. The child is drinking five to six cups of whole milk per day and one cup of fruit juice. When the weight-to-height percentile is calculated, the child is in the 90th to 95th percentile. What is the best advice the nurse can provide to the mother?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Whole milk is high in saturated fat and calories, contributing to excessive weight gain. Switching to 2 percent milk reduces fat intake. Step 2: Decreasing milk consumption and limiting fruit juice helps balance calorie intake and encourages the child to eat solid foods. Step 3: Offering water in between meals ensures hydration without additional calories. Step 4: Adjusting the child's diet in this manner promotes healthier eating habits and can help normalize weight-to-height percentile. In summary, option C is correct as it addresses the concerns of excessive milk and juice consumption while promoting a balanced diet. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because eliminating fruit juice alone may not address the overall calorie intake issue. Healthy snacks and creative presentation may not address the specific problem of excessive milk consumption. Increasing exercise alone may not directly impact the child's diet and weight-to-height percentile.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing for the admission of a child with a diagnosis of acute-stage Kawasaki disease. On assessment of the child, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute stage of the disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Conjunctival hyperemia. In Kawasaki disease, conjunctival hyperemia is a common clinical manifestation during the acute stage due to the inflammation of blood vessels. This is typically seen as redness in the eyes. Cracked lips (A) are more characteristic of conditions like dry weather or vitamin deficiencies. A normal appearance (B) would not be expected in a child with acute Kawasaki disease as they typically exhibit symptoms. Desquamation of the skin (D) is more commonly seen in the subacute stage of the disease rather than the acute stage.
Question 3 of 5
The physician suggests that surgery be performed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to prevent which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulmonary vascular congestion. In a patient with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), the persistent opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery can lead to increased blood flow to the lungs, resulting in pulmonary vascular congestion. Surgical closure of the PDA can prevent this complication by restoring normal blood flow patterns. A: Hypoxemia is not directly related to PDA but can occur as a consequence of the increased pulmonary blood flow. B: Right-to-left shunt of blood is not a common complication of PDA. C: Decreased workload on the left side of the heart is not a primary reason for surgical closure of PDA.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following would the nurse perform to help alleviate a child’s joint pain associated with rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because using a bed cradle helps alleviate joint pain by avoiding pressure from bed linens. This reduces stress on the joints, promoting comfort and preventing further inflammation. Maintaining joints in an extended position (A) may worsen pain. Applying traction (B) can potentially aggravate the joints. Supporting alignment with pillows (C) may not directly address joint pain relief. Thus, D is the most suitable choice for alleviating joint pain in rheumatic fever.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Lymphocytes are part of the adaptive immune response, not innate. 2. Natural killer cells are part of the innate immune response and kill virus-infected cells. 3. Macrophages perform phagocytosis and kill microorganisms, matching their function. 4. Erythrocytes are red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport, matching their function. Therefore, A is the mismatched pair as lymphocytes belong to the adaptive immune response, not innate.