ATI LPN
Assessment of Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The mother of a child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse why her child has clubbed fingers. The nurse bases the response on the understanding that clubbing is due to which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Peripheral hypoxia. Clubbing of fingers is commonly seen in conditions with chronic hypoxia, such as tetralogy of Fallot. The lack of oxygen in the blood causes changes in the blood vessels leading to clubbing. Anemia (choice A) may cause tissue hypoxia but is not directly related to clubbing. Delayed physical growth (choice C) is not a known cause of clubbing. Destruction of bone marrow (choice D) is unrelated to clubbing.
Question 2 of 5
Nursing care of the child with Kawasaki disease is challenging because of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Kawasaki disease is characterized by high fever, irritability, and mucous membrane changes. The child's irritability can make nursing care challenging due to difficulties in assessing and managing their symptoms and needs effectively. The other choices are incorrect because: B - Kawasaki disease has an unpredictable course with potential complications; C - Antibiotics are not the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease; D - Requests for food are not typically a significant challenge in caring for a child with this condition. In summary, the correct answer highlights the primary symptom that can complicate nursing care, while the other choices are not directly related to the challenges of managing Kawasaki disease.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is not associated with mucosal surfaces?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: white pulp. White pulp is a component of the spleen and is not directly associated with mucosal surfaces. Mucosal surfaces are lined with mucus-secreting goblet cells (A) that provide a protective barrier. Lysozyme (B) is an enzyme found in tears, saliva, and mucus that helps defend against bacterial infections on mucosal surfaces. M cells (C) are specialized cells in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that transport antigens from the gut lumen to immune cells. In summary, white pulp is not part of mucosal surfaces, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Immune cells within the lymphatic circulation are directly deposited into which of the following anatomical sites so that the cells may reenter the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Immune cells exit lymphatic circulation via thoracic duct. 2. Thoracic duct empties into left subclavian vein. 3. Immune cells reenter bloodstream through left subclavian vein. 4. Therefore, B (left subclavian vein) is correct. Summary: A: The right aorta does not connect to lymphatic circulation. C: The left carotid artery carries blood to the brain, not lymph. D: High endothelial venule is within lymph nodes, not the bloodstream.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is aware that blood type O is considered the universal donor. This means all patients can receive blood type O. Knowing this, which of the following blood can be administered to which patient. (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Blood type O is considered the universal donor because it lacks A and B antigens on its red blood cells. Step 2: A patient with blood type A can receive blood type A (as it matches) and blood type O (since O lacks A and B antigens). Step 3: Therefore, the correct answer is A, as patients with blood type A can receive blood type A and O. Summary: Choice A is correct because patients with blood type A can receive blood type A and O due to the compatibility of antigens. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the antigen compatibility and restrictions of blood types.