The most recent extension of the Tarasoff ruling 2

Question 1 of 5

The most recent extension of the Tarasoff ruling (2004) states

A. that therapists no longer have a duty to warn possible victims except in cases where the patient has explicitly described the means he/she would use to commit the violence B. that therapists have a duty to warn a possible victim if the threat is reported by a family member of the patient C. the duty to warn only extends to licensed clinical psychologists and not to social workers or other types of mental health workers D. that therapists have a duty to warn a possible victim if the threat is reported by a friend or co-worker of the patient

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The 2004 extension broadened the duty to warn when threats are reported by family, enhancing protective measures.

Question 2 of 5

What is Beauchamp and Childress's understanding of the place of veracity as a moral obligation?

A. Beauchamp and Childress understand obligations of veracity to be specifications of more than one of the four basic principles (respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice). B. Beauchamp and Childress claim that it isn't clear whether veracity is an absolute and independent obligation or a special application of another principle. C. Beauchamp and Childress think that veracity is an independent principle and virtue, on the same level as respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. D. Beauchamp and Childress think that veracity is a specification of the principle of respect for persons' autonomy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Veracity is understood as a specification of multiple principles, particularly respect for autonomy and nonmaleficence, ensuring truthful communication while respecting patient needs.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following best describes the relationship between clinical research and clinical medical practice, as discussed by Beauchamp and Childress?

A. Research has been heavily regulated because it has been thought to place subjects at risk for the benefit of others and to investigate unconfirmed hypotheses about diagnoses and treatments. B. Medical practice is minimally regulated on grounds that it focuses on the patient's best interests and relies on interventions of proven benefit and acceptable risk. C. The sharp distinction often drawn between research and medical practice is morally questionable. D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Both research and clinical practice involve ethical considerations, and the distinction between them is increasingly seen as nuanced and context-dependent.

Question 4 of 5

A man arrives at the emergency department on a ventilator after an accident. He is brain dead by all criteria. He has an organ-donor card in his wallet indicating his desire to donate. The organ-donor team contacts the family. The family refuses to sign consent for the donation. What should be done?

A. Remove the organs anyway. B. Wait for the patient's heart to stop and then remove the organs. C. Stop the ventilator and remove the organs. D. Honor the wishes of the family; no donation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Although the organ-donor card indicates the patient's wish to donate, it is still unacceptable to harvest organs against the direct wish of the family. The card is an indication of intent but not fully binding.

Question 5 of 5

You have an HIV-positive patient in the office. You ask her if she has informed her partner that she is HIV-positive. She has repeatedly resisted your attempts to have her inform the partner. She is pregnant with his child. The partner is in the waiting room and you have met him many times. What should you do?

A. Inform the partner now. B. Respect her confidentiality. C. Refer your patient to another physician who is comfortable with her wishes. D. Tell the partner to practice safe sex from now on but don't tell him her HIV status.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The safety of an innocent person outweighs privacy. You are legally protected to inform the partner due to the risk of transmission, especially given her pregnancy.

The most recent extension of the Tarasoff ruling (2004) states

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