ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The main solute component of urine is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urea (A), a nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism, is the primary solute in urine (~50% of solids). Glucose (B) is absent normally, agglutin (C) is invalid, and urobilinogen (D) is minor, making A correct.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who is recovering from extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal calculi. The nurse notes an ecchymotic area on the client's right lower back. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bruising is common after lithotripsy; ice reduces discomfort and extent of bruising.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse teaches a client about self-care after experiencing a urinary calculus treated by lithotripsy. Which statements should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotics, fluids, and bruising info ensure proper recovery post-lithotripsy.
Question 4 of 5
A patient will begin taking amoxicillin. The nurse should instruct the patient to avoid which foods?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acidic foods increase stomach irritation with amoxicillin, reducing its effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
Which is a characteristic that distinguishes sulfonamides from other drugs used to treat bacterial infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sulfonamides are synthetic, not biologic, distinguishing them from other antibiotics.