ATI LPN
Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The interstitium contains:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lung (C) isn't upper respiratory . The upper tract nose, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis filters and warms air. The larynx (A) vibrates for speech, epiglottis (D) guards the trachea (B), which links to lower airways. Lungs (C), distal to the trachea, perform gas exchange (300 million alveoli), not air conduction. C's role in exchange unlike A's phonation or B's conduit function excludes it from the upper tract, per anatomy (Page 2).
Question 3 of 5
Regarding dead space, choose the FALSE statement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dead space is gas not exchanging (A, true), but physiological dead space includes anatomic (~150 mL) plus alveolar dead space, not just alveolar (B, false) . It's measured via Bohr's method arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) vs. mixed expired PCO2 (PECO2) not directly by PECO2 alone (C, false). Ventilators add tubing dead space (D, true), and high V/Q ratios increase it (Page 8, Q34). C's oversimplification misses PaCO2's role (e.g., Q12: 600 mL tidal, 180 mL dead space), misaligning with physiology's dual-component definition.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following values is above normal in a patient suffering from severe respiratory muscle weakness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe respiratory muscle weakness raises arterial PCO2 (D). Normal PCO2 is 35-45 mmHg; weakness (e.g., diaphragm paralysis) cuts ventilation (Vt < 500 mL), causing CO2 retention (> 45 mmHg). Tidal volume (A) drops (~300 mL vs. 500 mL), vital capacity (C) falls (< 4 L vs. 4.8 L) due to weak inspiratory force, and oxyhemoglobin saturation (B) decreases (< 95%) from hypoventilation. D's elevation unlike A's or C's reduction stems from inadequate alveolar ventilation (Va = (Vt - Vd) × RR), pushing PCO2 up as O2 drops (Q15), per gas exchange physiology.
Question 5 of 5
In a normal human, The total lung capacity (TLC) is approximately equal to?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Total lung capacity (TLC) is ~6 L. TLC = RV (~1.2 L) + ERV (~1.3 L) + Vt (~0.5 L) + IRV (~3 L), varying by size/sex (5-7 L). B's 2 L is too low (near FRC). C's 4 L approximates VC. D's 9 L exceeds norms. A's 6 L unlike B's underestimation matches spirometry standards for healthy adults, per physiology's volume summation.