The hormone that increases water reabsorption in the kidney is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water reabsorption in the kidney's collecting ducts, concentrating urine. 'Antidiuretic hormone,' is correct, per physiology texts like Costanzo, acting via aquaporins. 'Aldosterone,' reabsorbs sodium, indirectly affecting water. 'Atrial natriuretic peptide,' promotes water loss. 'Adrenaline,' affects circulation, not reabsorption. ADH's direct water retention role makes B the precise answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pathogenic bacteria cause disease. 'Lactobacillus,' is correct as the exception, typically beneficial (e.g., gut flora), per microbiology (e.g., Brock). 'Salmonella,' causes food poisoning. 'Shigella,' causes dysentery. 'Clostridium,' includes pathogens like C. tetani. Lactobacillus' probiotic role makes C the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Antibiotics disrupt bacterial processes. 'Pain relief,' is correct as the exception, not an antibiotic mechanism, per pharmacology (e.g., Walsh). 'Cell wall synthesis inhibition,' (e.g., penicillin) weakens bacteria. 'Protein synthesis inhibition,' (e.g., tetracycline) halts growth. 'Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition,' (e.g., quinolones) stops replication. Pain relief's irrelevance makes D the precise answer.