ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider is providing care to a client with a tracheostomy. Which action should the healthcare provider take to prevent tracheostomy complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use sterile technique when performing tracheostomy care. This is crucial to prevent infections that can lead to complications. Sterile technique helps minimize the risk of introducing harmful pathogens into the tracheostomy site. Using clean rather than sterile technique can increase the client's risk of infection. Choice B is incorrect because suctioning the tracheostomy tube every hour can lead to mucosal damage and increase the risk of infection. Choice C is incorrect because keeping the tracheostomy tube cuff inflated at all times can cause pressure ulcers and damage the trachea. Choice D is incorrect because changing the tracheostomy ties daily is unnecessary and can increase the risk of dislodging the tracheostomy tube, leading to complications.
Question 2 of 5
The client is receiving intravenous vancomycin. Which assessment finding should the nurse report immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Red man syndrome. This is a severe adverse reaction to vancomycin characterized by flushing, rash, hypotension, and tachycardia. It can progress rapidly to anaphylaxis. Immediate reporting is crucial for prompt intervention. Blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg is within normal range, mild itching at the IV site is common and can be managed topically, and nausea and vomiting are common side effects of vancomycin but are not life-threatening compared to Red man syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Methotrexate can cause liver toxicity, and alcohol consumption can exacerbate this risk. It is important for the client to avoid alcohol to prevent potential harm to the liver. B: Taking the medication with a full meal is not a necessary instruction for methotrexate. It is typically recommended to take methotrexate on an empty stomach. C: Increasing intake of high-fiber foods is not directly related to methotrexate therapy. It is important for overall health but not specifically for this medication. D: Avoiding exposure to sunlight is not a common instruction for methotrexate. While some medications can increase sensitivity to sunlight, this is not a typical concern with methotrexate.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being treated with an antidepressant for major depressive disorder. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Stopping medication abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and a potential relapse of depressive symptoms. 2. The client should be educated on the importance of completing the full course of treatment. 3. This statement indicates a lack of understanding regarding the need for continued medication adherence. 4. Choices A, B, and D are all appropriate and demonstrate good understanding of antidepressant treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed dabigatran (Pradaxa). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Take the medication at the same time each day. This instruction is crucial for maintaining consistent blood levels of dabigatran, maximizing its effectiveness in preventing blood clots. Taking it at the same time each day helps establish a routine and reduces the risk of missed doses. Choice A is incorrect because dabigatran should be taken without regard to meals. Choice B is incorrect as vitamin K does not interact with dabigatran. Choice D is incorrect because increasing high-potassium foods is not necessary for dabigatran therapy.