The health department nurse is caring for the client who has leprosy (Hansen's disease). Which assessment data indicate the client is experiencing a complication of the disease?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduced skin sensation in the lesions. This is a sign of a complication in leprosy known as nerve damage. In leprosy, the bacteria affect the nerves, leading to loss of sensation in the skin. This can result in injuries and infections that the client may not feel. A: Elevated temperature at night is a common symptom of leprosy but not necessarily indicative of a complication. B: Brownish-black discoloration to the skin can occur in leprosy but is not necessarily a specific sign of a complication. D: A high count of mycobacteria in the culture indicates the presence of the bacteria causing leprosy but does not directly indicate a complication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inform the charge nurse and document occurrence. This is the first action because it is essential to report any work-related injuries promptly for documentation and potential follow-up care. Continuing to work (A) could worsen the injury. Going to the emergency department (B) may not be necessary if the injury is not severe. Seeing a private health-care provider on off time (D) may delay necessary documentation and follow-up within the workplace.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide nighttime lights in the room. This intervention is important in preventing complications secondary to osteoporosis as it helps reduce the risk of falls and fractures during nighttime bathroom visits. Darkness can increase the risk of falls, especially in elderly individuals with osteoporosis. Keeping the room well-lit at night can improve visibility and safety, reducing the chances of accidents. A: Keeping the bed in a high position does not directly address the risk of falls related to osteoporosis. B: Passive range-of-motion exercises focus on mobility and muscle strength but do not directly address fall prevention. C: Turning the client every two hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but does not specifically target osteoporosis-related complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep the fractured arm at heart level. This positioning helps reduce swelling and promote circulation, aiding in the healing process. Keeping the arm elevated can also help alleviate pain and discomfort. Choice B is incorrect because using a wire hanger to scratch inside the cast can lead to injury and complications. Choice C is incorrect because applying an ice pack to an itching area can cause skin damage and should be avoided. Choice D is incorrect because foul smells are not expected occurrences with cast care; any foul odor should be reported to the healthcare provider as it may indicate an infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's pulses distally and assess the toes. This is the priority intervention because it assesses neurovascular status post-arthroscopy, detecting any potential complications like impaired circulation. Checking pulses and toe assessment are crucial to prevent ischemia and ensure proper blood flow to the extremity. Encouraging range-of-motion exercises (A) is important but not the priority immediately post-surgery. Monitoring urine output and color (B) is important for hydration status but not as critical as neurovascular assessment. Monitoring vital signs (D) is also important but does not specifically address the risk of impaired circulation post-arthroscopy.