ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The great majority of pulmonary metastatic lesions arise from the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most pulmonary metastases arise from glandular tissues (C e.g., breast, prostate, thyroid) adenocarcinomas favor hematogenous lung spread, forming cannonball lesions. GI (A) and GU (B) metastasize, but glandular primaries dominate (e.g., 40% breast). Pericardium (D) and brain rarely seed lungs reverse is commoner. This reflects vascular drainage, key in imaging (e.g., CT) and nursing for systemic therapy planning.
Question 2 of 5
Match the following: 681. Cytoxan
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide), an alkylating agent, causes cystitis, alopecia (D) metabolite acrolein irritates bladder (hemorrhagic cystitis), hair loss is common. Myelosuppression (A) fits methotrexate. Protein defects (B) are asparaginase. Neuropathy (C) is vincristine. Psychosis is prednisone. Cytoxan's bladder risk is key in nursing for hydration and mesna prophylaxis.
Question 3 of 5
In sickle cell anemia. The sedimentation rate is characteristically:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sickle cell anemia's sedimentation rate is diminished (C) sickled RBCs (HbS) resist stacking (rouleaux), slowing ESR (e.g., <10 mm/hr) despite inflammation. Unchanged (A) or accelerated (B) fits normal RBCs. Variable (D) lacks specificity. None' dismisses. Low ESR, despite crises, is key in nursing for distinguishing from other anemias.
Question 4 of 5
Heavy chain (gamma G) disease is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heavy chain disease (gamma G) a plasma cell dyscrasia (B) overproduces IgG heavy chains (e.g., Franklin's disease), causing lymphadenopathy, unlike Hodgkin's (A lymphoma). Thrombocytopenia (C) or hypersensitivity (D) don't fit marrow-based. None' denies. Dyscrasia's monoclonal protein is key, guiding nursing for electrophoresis and immunosuppression.
Question 5 of 5
The treatment of choice for hereditary spherocytosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is best treated with splenectomy (B) removing the spleen (e.g., post-10 years) stops hemolysis (e.g., Hb >10 g/dL), curing anemia. Transfusion (A) is temporary. Thymectomy (C) or irradiation (D) are irrelevant. None' denies. Splenectomy's efficacy is key, guiding nursing for vaccines and infection risk education.