ATI LPN
Final Exam Legal and Ethical Aspects in Healthcare Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The four rules of professional–patient relationships set forth and explained by Beauchamp and Childress are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The four principles of medical ethics as outlined by Beauchamp and Childress are respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice.
Question 2 of 5
You are a fourth-year medical student with a patient who has been in a severe motor vehicle accident. The patient has a subdural hematoma that led to cerebral herniation before it could be drained. Over the last few days, the patient has lost all brainstem reflexes and is now brain dead. You have the closest relationship with the family of anyone on the team. The ventilator is to be removed soon and organ donation is considered. Who should ask for consent for organ donation in this case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medical team taking care of the patient must not be the ones asking for organ donation due to a conflict of interest. The organ-donor network should handle this to avoid any perception of bias and to increase the likelihood of obtaining consent.
Question 3 of 5
You have a patient who is an HIV-positive physician. He has recently found out that he is HIV-positive. He is very concerned about confidentiality and you are the only one who knows he is HIV-positive. He asks you who you are legally obligated to inform. What should you tell him?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients with HIV have a right to privacy unless they pose a direct risk to others, which is not the case here with universal precautions in place.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with fever, headache, and a change in mental status leading to significant disorientation. His head CT is normal and he is in need of an urgent lumbar puncture and intravenous antibiotics. He is agitated and is waving off anyone who tries to get near him. Co-workers accompany him. The resident informs you that the patient is pushing away the lumbar puncture needle. What should you do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In an urgent, life-threatening situation where the patient lacks capacity and no proxy is available, treatment can proceed in the patient's best interest.
Question 5 of 5
A man comes to the emergency department after a stab wound. Your notes document a 500-mL loss of blood. Later that night the patient develops asystole and dies. You find the loss of blood was originally really 3,000 mL, which was not recorded by you. What should you do to correct the documentation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Corrections must be made with a new note, dated currently, to maintain credibility and transparency.