ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following morphological features are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypochromic, microcytic. In iron deficiency anemia, there is a decrease in hemoglobin content (hypochromic) and a decrease in red blood cell size (microcytic) due to insufficient iron for hemoglobin synthesis. Normochromic (choice A) and normocytic (choice B) would not be characteristic of iron deficiency anemia. Hypochromic, macrocytic (choice D) is more indicative of a different type of anemia, such as megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
Question 2 of 5
The community health nurse is conducting a research study and is identifying clients in the community at risk for latex allergy. Which client population is most at risk for developing this type of allergy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Children in day care centers. Children in day care centers are at higher risk for latex allergy due to frequent exposure to latex-containing products like gloves, pacifiers, and toys. The immature immune system of children increases their susceptibility to developing allergies. Hairdressers (choice A) are also at risk due to prolonged exposure to latex gloves. The homeless (choice B) and individuals living in a group home (choice D) are not specifically at higher risk compared to children in day care centers.
Question 3 of 5
Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Which interventions should the nurse include when administering this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Monitor liver function studies. Rationale: 1. Ketoconazole is known to have hepatotoxic side effects. 2. Monitoring liver function studies is essential to detect any signs of liver damage early. 3. Regular monitoring allows for timely intervention if hepatic toxicity occurs. Other Choices: A: Restricting fluid intake is not necessary for ketoconazole administration. C: Administering ketoconazole with an antacid may reduce its absorption. D: Avoiding sun exposure is not directly related to ketoconazole administration for candidiasis.
Question 4 of 5
A 64-year-old smoker with cough, shortness of breath, facial plethora, JVD, supraclavicular node. Most likely cause?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lung cancer. The symptoms described, including cough, shortness of breath, facial plethora, JVD, supraclavicular node, are classic signs of advanced lung cancer. Lung cancer commonly presents with respiratory symptoms due to the obstruction of airways and spread to nearby structures. Long-standing hypertension (A) typically presents with symptoms related to high blood pressure, not respiratory symptoms. Gastric carcinoma (B) may present with gastrointestinal symptoms rather than respiratory symptoms. Emphysema (C) is a lung condition associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and smoking but does not typically present with facial plethora, JVD, or supraclavicular node enlargement.
Question 5 of 5
A 20-year-old man with asymptomatic scrotal mass. Most appropriate first step?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palpation and transillumination. This is the most appropriate first step because it allows for a physical examination of the scrotal mass to determine its characteristics and location. Palpation can help assess the size, shape, consistency, and tenderness of the mass. Transillumination can differentiate between fluid-filled (e.g., hydrocele) and solid masses (e.g., testicular tumor). This initial assessment helps guide further diagnostic workup and management decisions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because performing tumor markers (HCG and α-fetoprotein) or scrotal ultrasonography or referring for orchiectomy without a proper initial physical examination would be premature and may lead to unnecessary interventions or delays in appropriate management.