The following hormones are important to the normal function of the gut: ( Select one that does not apply)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion and secretin stimulates bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretion. CCK-PZ both stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion. Hydrogen potassium ATPase is an enzyme which determines the activity of the gastric proton pump. Though VIP excess is known to cause Verner-Morrison syndrome (watery diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, and achlorhydria) its role in health is doubtful.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The gullet (esophagus) is the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach, making A correct. The rectum and intestines (C, D) are later in the digestive tract.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Structure X is likely the liver or gallbladder (based on typical diagrams), secreting bile to emulsify fats, increasing their surface area for digestion, making A correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Trypsin, a pancreatic enzyme, works optimally in the basic pH of the small intestine, making A correct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Glycogen is stored in the liver, making C correct.