The following are the functions of socialization EXCEPT

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Socialization is the process by which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to participate in society. Its functions include moral development (learning ethical standards), personality development (forming individual traits), and the development of defense mechanisms (coping strategies for social pressures). The question asks for an option that is not a function but rather the process itself. 'Socialization,' is the process, not an outcome, making it the exception and the correct answer. 'Moral development,' is a function, as socialization instills moral norms, per Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral growth. 'Personality development,' is another function, aligning with Sigmund Freud's view that social interactions shape personality. 'Development of defense mechanism,' is a function too, as individuals learn adaptive responses through social experiences, per psychoanalytic theory. Socialization as a term describes the mechanism, not a specific result, distinguishing it from the functional outcomes in B, C, and D, thus confirming A as the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Computers' relevance in modern society stems from their ability to perform diverse tasks across industries. 'Versatility,' is correct because it highlights this adaptability—handling everything from medical diagnostics to communication—as noted in tech sociology (e.g., Castells' Network Society). 'Price,' varies and isn't the core reason for relevance; affordability enables use, not impact. 'Speed,' is a feature, but alone doesn't explain broad utility. 'Program,' is a component, not the overarching reason. Versatility allows computers to serve education, healthcare, and more, adapting to user needs via software, making B the standout answer, reflecting their transformative role in daily life and infrastructure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Litigation is the process of initiating a lawsuit to resolve disputes, including against a nurse for errors. 'Litigation,' is correct because it describes this legal action, as per legal terminology (e.g., Black's Law Dictionary). 'Assault,' is a tort, not the act of suing. 'Contract,' is an agreement, not a lawsuit. 'Mitigation,' means reducing harm, not pursuing legal recourse. Litigation encompasses filing claims (e.g., for negligence), making C the precise answer, reflecting the formal process of addressing an erring nurse's actions in court.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Emergence is the phase after general anesthesia where a patient regains consciousness and reflexes. 'Emergence,' is correct, as defined in anesthesiology (e.g., Miller's Anesthesia), marking the transition from unconsciousness to awareness. 'Reduction,' is unrelated to anesthesia phases. 'Maintenance,' is the sustained anesthesia state during surgery. 'Induction,' is the initial unconsciousness onset. Emergence's specific role—restoring normal function post-procedure—distinguishes it, making B the precise answer, reflecting clinical terminology.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A good literature review synthesizes existing knowledge to frame a study. 'Abstract,' is correct as not a component; it's a separate summary, not part of the review itself, per research writing guides (e.g., APA Manual). 'Relevance of the study,' justifies the topic's importance within the review. 'Theoretical framework(s),' provides conceptual grounding. 'Review of previous studies,' is the core, analyzing prior work. The abstract stands apart as an overview, not an integrated review element, making B the accurate exception.