The following are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The anterior pituitary secretes trophic hormones regulating growth and glands, but oxytocin comes from the posterior pituitary. 'Oxytocin,' is correct as the exception, per endocrinology references like Costanzo's Physiology. 'Growth hormone,' stimulates growth. 'Prolactin,' promotes lactation. 'Adrenocorticotrophic hormone,' targets adrenals. Oxytocin, stored and released by the posterior pituitary after hypothalamic synthesis, aids labor and lactation, making C the precise answer, distinct from anterior pituitary functions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The kidney excretes nitrogenous wastes from protein metabolism. 'Carbon dioxide,' is correct as the exception, expelled by lungs, per physiology (e.g., Guyton). 'Urea,' 'Uric acid,' and 'Creatinine,' are renal excretions from amino acid and muscle breakdown. CO2's respiratory elimination contrasts with the kidney's nitrogenous waste role, making D the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The respiratory system conducts air for gas exchange. 'Gall bladder,' is correct as the exception, a digestive organ, per anatomy (e.g., Moore). 'Pharynx,' channels air and food. 'Trachea,' is the windpipe. 'Bronchi,' branch into lungs. Gall bladder's irrelevance to respiration makes D the precise answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Special senses are complex, receptor-specific (vision, hearing, taste, smell, balance). 'Touch,' is correct as the exception, a general somatic sense, per physiology (e.g., Costanzo). 'Vision,' 'Hearing,' and 'Taste,' are special. Touch's broad mechanoreception distinguishes C as the precise answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.