The following are parts of the peripheral nervous system EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes nerves outside the CNS. 'Spinal cord,' is correct as the exception, part of the CNS, per anatomy (e.g., Tortora). 'Cranial nerves,' and 'Spinal nerves,' are PNS. 'Autonomic nervous system,' is PNS's involuntary arm. Spinal cord's CNS role makes C the accurate answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bacterial toxins harm hosts. 'Hemolysin,' is correct as the exception, an effect (lysing blood cells), not a toxin class, per microbiology (e.g., Tortora). 'Endotoxin,' is LPS from gram-negative bacteria. 'Exotoxin,' is secreted protein. 'Neurotoxin,' targets nerves. Hemolysin's specificity makes D the precise answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Deficiency diseases result from nutrient lack. 'Pneumonia,' is correct as the exception, infectious (bacterial/viral), per medicine (e.g., Harrison's). 'Scurvy,' (vitamin C), 'Rickets,' (vitamin D), and 'Beriberi,' (vitamin B1) are deficiencies. Pneumonia's infectious cause makes C the precise answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.